X-49074856-T-TG

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. Variant got 8 ACMG points: 8P and 0B. PVS1_Strong PM2 PP5_Moderate

The NM_001029896.2(WDR45):c.1029_1030insC(p.Asn344GlnfsTer10) variant causes a frameshift change. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★).

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 25)
• Consequence: WDR45 NM_001029896.2 frameshift
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic criteria provided, single submitter P:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 4.38

Genes affected

WDR45 (HGNC:28912): (WD repeat domain 45) This gene encodes a member of the WD repeat protein family. WD repeats are minimally conserved regions of approximately 40 amino acids typically bracketed by gly-his and trp-asp (GH-WD), which may facilitate formation of heterotrimeric or multiprotein complexes. Members of this family are involved in a variety of cellular processes, including cell cycle progression, signal transduction, apoptosis, and gene regulation. This gene has a pseudogene at chromosome 4q31.3. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene, but the biological validity and full-length nature of some variants have not been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Likely_pathogenic. Variant got 8 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Loss of function variant, product does not undergo nonsense mediated mRNA decay. Variant is located in the 3'-most exon, not predicted to undergo nonsense mediated mRNA decay. Fraction of 0.525 CDS is truncated, and there are 3 pathogenic variants in the truncated region.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant X-49074856-T-TG is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chrX-49074856-T-TG is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 944567.Status of the report is criteria_provided_single_submitter, 1 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
WDR45	NM_001029896.2	c.1029_1030insC	p.Asn344GlnfsTer10	frameshift_variant	11/11	ENST00000376372.9
WDR45	NM_007075.4	c.1032_1033insC	p.Asn345GlnfsTer10	frameshift_variant	12/12

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
WDR45	ENST00000376372.9	c.1029_1030insC	p.Asn344GlnfsTer10	frameshift_variant	11/11	1	NM_001029896.2	P4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 25

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 30

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 25

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation 5 Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Invitae

Oct 02, 2020

For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. This variant disrupts the C-terminus of the WDR45 protein. Other variant(s) that disrupt this region (p.Tyr352*) have been observed in individuals with WDR45-related conditions (PMID: 30713893). This suggests that this may be a clinically significant region of the protein. This variant has been observed in individual(s) with clinical features of WDR45-related conditions (Invitae). In at least one individual the variant was observed to be de novo. This variant is not present in population databases (ExAC no frequency). This sequence change results in a premature translational stop signal in the WDR45 gene (p.Asn345Glnfs*10). While this is not anticipated to result in nonsense mediated decay, it is expected to disrupt the last 17 amino acid(s) of the WDR45 protein. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.050		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs2065026848; hg19: chrX-48932515;