chr1-119750816-G-A

Position:

chr1-119750816-G-A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. Variant got 6 ACMG points: 6P and 0B. PM2PM5PP3_Moderate

The NM_005518.4(HMGCS2):c.1513C>T(p.Arg505Trp) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000248 in 1,613,000 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R505Q) has been classified as Likely pathogenic.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000026 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000025 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

HMGCS2
NM_005518.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:5

Conservation

PhyloP100: 1.71

Variant links:

Genes affected

HMGCS2 (HGNC:5008): (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 2) The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the HMG-CoA synthase family. It is a mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes the first reaction of ketogenesis, a metabolic pathway that provides lipid-derived energy for various organs during times of carbohydrate deprivation, such as fasting. Mutations in this gene are associated with HMG-CoA synthase deficiency. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.[provided by RefSeq, Oct 2009]

HMGCS2 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Likely_pathogenic. Variant got 6 ACMG points.

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

PM5

Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chrnull-null-null-null is described in UniProt as null.

PP3

MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.862

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
HMGCS2	NM_005518.4 linkuse as main transcript	c.1513C>T	p.Arg505Trp	missense_variant	9/10	ENST00000369406.8	NP_005509.1
HMGCS2	NM_001166107.1 linkuse as main transcript	c.1387C>T	p.Arg463Trp	missense_variant	8/9		NP_001159579.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
HMGCS2	ENST00000369406.8 linkuse as main transcript	c.1513C>T	p.Arg505Trp	missense_variant	9/10	1	NM_005518.4	ENSP00000358414	P1	P54868-1
HMGCS2	ENST00000544913.2 linkuse as main transcript	c.1387C>T	p.Arg463Trp	missense_variant	8/9	2		ENSP00000439495		P54868-2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000263

AC:

AN:

152066

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0000483

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000147

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.000480

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.0000159

AC:

AN:

251300

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.0000147

AC XY:

AN XY:

135814

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.0000579

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.0000327

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00000880

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000246

AC:

AN:

1460934

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000303

AC XY:

AN XY:

726818

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.000179

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.000157

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.0000252

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.0000464

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.00000990

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.0000994

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000263

AC:

AN:

152066

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000135

AC XY:

AN XY:

74272

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.0000483

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.0000147

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.000480

Alfa

AF:

0.0000675

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000491

ExAC

AF:

0.0000247

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:5

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase deficiency

Uncertain:3

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina	Jan 12, 2018	This variant was observed in the ICSL laboratory as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. It had not been previously curated by ICSL or reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD: prior to June 1st, 2018), and was therefore a candidate for classification through an automated scoring system. Utilizing variant allele frequency, disease prevalence and penetrance estimates, and inheritance mode, an automated score was calculated to assess if this variant is too frequent to cause the disease. Based on the score, this variant could not be ruled out of causing disease and therefore its association with disease required further investigation. A literature search was performed for the gene, cDNA change, and amino acid change (if applicable). No publications were found based on this search. This variant was therefore classified as a variant of unknown significance for this disease. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Center for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center	Mar 26, 2024	- -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp	Dec 08, 2022	In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function are either unavailable or do not agree on the potential impact of this missense change (SIFT: "Deleterious"; PolyPhen-2: "Probably Damaging"; Align-GVGD: "Class C0"). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 292328). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with HMGCS2-related conditions. This variant is present in population databases (rs780044819, gnomAD 0.006%). This sequence change replaces arginine, which is basic and polar, with tryptophan, which is neutral and slightly polar, at codon 505 of the HMGCS2 protein (p.Arg505Trp). -

Inborn genetic diseases

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Ambry Genetics

Jan 07, 2022

The c.1513C>T (p.R505W) alteration is located in exon 9 (coding exon 9) of the HMGCS2 gene. This alteration results from a C to T substitution at nucleotide position 1513, causing the arginine (R) at amino acid position 505 to be replaced by a tryptophan (W). Based on insufficient or conflicting evidence, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

not provided

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

not provided

Breakthrough Genomics, Breakthrough Genomics

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.25

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.16

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.17

CADD

Uncertain

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

DEOGEN2

Uncertain

0.70

D;.

Eigen

Uncertain

0.51

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.38

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.91

LIST_S2

Uncertain

0.95

D;D

M_CAP

Uncertain

0.13

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.86

D;D

MetaSVM

Uncertain

0.38

MutationAssessor

Pathogenic

3.5

H;.

MutationTaster

Benign

1.0

D;D

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.53

PROVEAN

Pathogenic

-6.1

D;D

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.69

Sift

Uncertain

0.0020

D;D

Sift4G

Pathogenic

0.0010

D;D

Polyphen

1.0

D;.

Vest4

0.82

MutPred

0.57

Loss of solvent accessibility (P = 6e-04);.;

MVP

0.91

MPC

0.53

ClinPred

0.93

GERP RS

4.4

Varity_R

0.70

gMVP

0.68

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.010

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over