chr1-173857643-C-G

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. The variant received 6 ACMG points: 6P and 0B. PM2PP3_Strong

The NM_018122.5(DARS2):c.1876C>G(p.Leu626Val) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000274 in 1,461,872 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. L626Q) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

Frequency

Genomes: not found (cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000027 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

DARS2
NM_018122.5 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter P:1U:1

Conservation

PhyloP100: 3.35

Publications

7 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

DARS2 (HGNC:25538): (aspartyl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial) The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. It is a mitochondrial enzyme that specifically aminoacylates aspartyl-tRNA. Mutations in this gene are associated with leukoencephalopathy with brainstem and spinal cord involvement and lactate elevation (LBSL). [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2009]

DARS2 links:

GAS5 (HGNC:16355): (growth arrest specific 5) This gene produces a spliced long non-coding RNA and is a member of the 5' terminal oligo-pyrimidine class of genes. It is a small nucleolar RNA host gene, containing multiple C/D box snoRNA genes in its introns. Part of the secondary RNA structure of the encoded transcript mimics glucocorticoid response element (GRE) which means it can bind to the DNA binding domain of the glucocorticoid receptor (nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1). This action blocks the glucocorticoid receptor from being activated and thereby stops it from regulating the transcription of its target genes. This transcript is also thought to regulate the transcriptional activity of other receptors, such as androgen, progesterone and mineralocorticoid receptors, that can bind to its GRE mimic region. Multiple functions have been associated with this transcript, including cellular growth arrest and apoptosis. It has also been identified as a potential tumor suppressor, with its down-regulation associated with cancer in multiple different tissues. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2015]

GAS5 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Likely_pathogenic. The variant received 6 ACMG points.

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

PP3

MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.955

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
DARS2	NM_018122.5 link	c.1876C>G	p.Leu626Val	missense_variant	Exon 17 of 17	ENST00000649689.2	NP_060592.2
DARS2	NM_001365212.1 link	c.1723C>G	p.Leu575Val	missense_variant	Exon 16 of 16		NP_001352141.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
DARS2	ENST00000649689.2 link	c.1876C>G	p.Leu626Val	missense_variant	Exon 17 of 17		NM_018122.5	ENSP00000497569.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

Cov.:

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00000274

AC:

AN:

1461872

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00000275

AC XY:

AN XY:

727238

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

33480

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26134

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39698

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

86258

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53420

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00000360

AC:

AN:

1112000

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

60390

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.450

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

Cov.:

Alfa

AF:

0.00

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.00000378

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:1Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Leukoencephalopathy with brain stem and spinal cord involvement-high lactate syndrome

Pathogenic:1Uncertain:1

Apr 01, 2007

OMIM

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:literature only

Jan 22, 2025

Broad Center for Mendelian Genomics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:curation

The p.Leu626Val variant in DARS2 has been reported in 2 individuals with leukoencephalopathy with brain stem and spinal cord involvement-high lactate syndrome (PMID: 17384640, 24566671), and has been identified in 0.0003% (4/1180012) of European (non-Finnish) chromosomes by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD, http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org; dbSNP rs121918205). Although this variant has been seen in the general population in a heterozygous state, its frequency is low enough to be consistent with a recessive carrier frequency. This variant has also been reported in ClinVar (Variation ID: 1058) and has been interpreted as pathogenic by OMIM. In vitro functional studies provide some evidence that the p.Leu626Val variant may slightly impact protein function (PMID: 17384640). However, these types of assays may not accurately represent biological function. Computational tools and conservation analyses suggest that this variant may impact the protein, though this information is not predictive enough to determine pathogenicity. In summary, while there is some suspicion for a pathogenic role, the clinical significance of this variant is uncertain. ACMG/AMP Criteria applied: PP3, PM2_supporting, PS3_supporting (Richards 2015).

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.17

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.29

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.18

CADD

Uncertain

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

0.99

DEOGEN2

Benign

0.23

T;.;.;T;.

Eigen

Uncertain

0.34

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.24

LIST_S2

Benign

0.0

.;D;D;D;D

M_CAP

Uncertain

0.15

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.95

D;D;D;D;D

MetaSVM

Uncertain

0.30

MutationAssessor

Uncertain

2.8

M;.;.;M;.

PhyloP100

3.3

PrimateAI

Benign

0.45

PROVEAN

Benign

-1.7

N;.;.;.;.

Sift

Benign

0.12

T;.;.;.;.

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.040

D;.;.;.;.

Vest4

0.83

ClinPred

0.91

GERP RS

1.2

Varity_R

0.38

gMVP

0.87

Mutation Taster

=32/68

disease causing (ClinVar)

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over