chr1-21577533-C-T

Variant names:

• chr1-21577533-C-T
• rs1229517379
• NM_000478.6:c.1460C>T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 17 ACMG points: 17P and 0B.

Score: 17 - Oncogenic

17

PM1PM2PP2PP3_StrongPP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000478.6(ALPL):​c.1460C>T​(p.Ala487Val) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000137 in 1,454,572 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★). Synonymous variant affecting the same amino acid position (i.e. A487A) has been classified as Likely benign.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000014 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: ALPL NM_000478.6 missense
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:3 U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.52
• Publications: 6 publications found

Genes affected

ALPL (HGNC:438): (alkaline phosphatase, biomineralization associated) This gene encodes a member of the alkaline phosphatase family of proteins. There are at least four distinct but related alkaline phosphatases: intestinal, placental, placental-like, and liver/bone/kidney (tissue non-specific). The first three are located together on chromosome 2, while the tissue non-specific form is located on chromosome 1. The product of this gene is a membrane bound glycosylated enzyme that is not expressed in any particular tissue and is, therefore, referred to as the tissue-nonspecific form of the enzyme. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants, at least one of which encodes a preproprotein that is proteolytically processed to generate the mature enzyme. This enzyme may play a role in bone mineralization. Mutations in this gene have been linked to hypophosphatasia, a disorder that is characterized by hypercalcemia and skeletal defects. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2015]

ALPL Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• adult hypophosphatasia

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: ClinGen, PanelApp Australia, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Orphanet
• childhood hypophosphatasia

  Inheritance: AR, AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, ClinGen, Orphanet
• hypophosphatasia

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: Myriad Women’s Health, G2P
• infantile hypophosphatasia

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet, ClinGen, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), PanelApp Australia
• odontohypophosphatasia

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• perinatal lethal hypophosphatasia

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 17 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 9 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 9 uncertain in NM_000478.6
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP2: Missense variant in the gene, where a lot of missense mutations are associated with disease in ClinVar. The gene has 220 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 10 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: 1.2672 (below the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: 1.9021 (below the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to adult hypophosphatasia, infantile hypophosphatasia, odontohypophosphatasia, childhood hypophosphatasia, hypophosphatasia, perinatal lethal hypophosphatasia.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.993
• PP5: Variant 1-21577533-C-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr1-21577533-C-T is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 556895.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
ALPL	NM_000478.6	c.1460C>T	p.Ala487Val	missense_variant	Exon 12 of 12	ENST00000374840.8	NP_000469.3

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
ALPL	ENST00000374840.8	c.1460C>T	p.Ala487Val	missense_variant	Exon 12 of 12	1	NM_000478.6	ENSP00000363973.3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000137 AC: 2 AN: 1454572 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 33 AF XY: 0.00000138 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 724018

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33474

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 44714

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26118

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39690

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.0000116 AC: 1 AN: 86252

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 46356

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 1111862

Other (OTH) AF: 0.0000166 AC: 1 AN: 60338

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

Alfa AF: 0.00 Hom.: 0

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:3 Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Childhood hypophosphatasia Pathogenic:1

-

Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The compound heterozygous variants, c.1460C>T (p.Ala487Val) and c.1479C>A (p.Asn493Lys), in ALPL gene were identified in a patient diagnosed with hypochondroplasia (HCH) and hypophosphatasia (HPP). Her mother was heterozygous for the c.1460C>T (p.Ala487Val) while her father was heterozygous for the c.1479C>A (p.Asn493Lys). Both altered amino acid positions are highly conserved among species. She was also identified the with the heterozygous missense variant, c.1612A>G (p.Ile538Val) in FGFR3 (Porntaveetus et al., 2017). -

Adult hypophosphatasia Pathogenic:1

Mar 29, 2024

Baylor Genetics

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

not provided Pathogenic:1

Jan 08, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces alanine, which is neutral and non-polar, with valine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 487 of the ALPL protein (p.Ala487Val). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with autosomal recessive hypophosphatasia (PMID: 26432670, 28763161, 31077853). In at least one individual the data is consistent with being in trans (on the opposite chromosome) from a pathogenic variant. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 556895). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt ALPL protein function with a positive predictive value of 95%. Algorithms developed to predict the effect of sequence changes on RNA splicing suggest that this variant may create or strengthen a splice site. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

Infantile hypophosphatasia Uncertain:1

Feb 28, 2018

Counsyl

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

This submission and the accompanying classification are no longer maintained by the submitter. For more information on current observations and classification, please contact variantquestions@myriad.com. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Uncertain	0.47
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.46	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.42
CADD	Pathogenic	26
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.95	D;.;.;D
Eigen	Uncertain	0.59
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.44
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.98	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.97	.;D;D;D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.74	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.99	D;D;D;D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	1.1	D
MutationAssessor	Uncertain	2.7	M;.;.;M
PhyloP100		7.5
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.77	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-3.4	D;D;D;D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.88
Sift	Uncertain	0.018	D;D;D;D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.015	D;D;D;D
Polyphen		1.0	D;.;.;D
Vest4		0.87
MutPred		0.93		Gain of helix (P = 0.132);.;.;Gain of helix (P = 0.132);
MVP		0.99
MPC		1.2
ClinPred		0.99	D
GERP RS		4.9
Varity_R		0.59
gMVP		0.98
Mutation Taster		=0/100	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.020		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1229517379; hg19: chr1-21904026;