chr1-226885596-G-T

Variant names:

• chr1-226885596-G-T
• rs202178897
• NM_000447.3:c.415G>T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 2 ACMG points: 2P and 0B. PM2

The NM_000447.3(PSEN2):​c.415G>T​(p.Val139Leu) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000124 in 1,613,620 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. No clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar. Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. V139M) has been classified as Likely benign.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: 𝑓 0.0000066 (0 hom., cov: 31)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 6.8e-7 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: PSEN2 NM_000447.3 missense
• Clinical Significance: Not reported in ClinVar
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 5.66
• Publications: 13 publications found

Genes affected

PSEN2 (HGNC:9509): (presenilin 2) Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients with an inherited form of the disease carry mutations in the presenilin proteins (PSEN1 or PSEN2) or the amyloid precursor protein (APP). These disease-linked mutations result in increased production of the longer form of amyloid-beta (main component of amyloid deposits found in AD brains). Presenilins are postulated to regulate APP processing through their effects on gamma-secretase, an enzyme that cleaves APP. Also, it is thought that the presenilins are involved in the cleavage of the Notch receptor such that, they either directly regulate gamma-secretase activity, or themselves act are protease enzymes. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms of PSEN2 have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

PSEN2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• Alzheimer disease 4

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• dilated cardiomyopathy

  Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: ClinGen

ENSG00000288674 (HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 2 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_000447.3. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	PSEN2	NM_000447.3	MANE Select	c.415G>T	p.Val139Leu	missense	Exon 6 of 13	NP_000438.2
	PSEN2	NM_001437537.1		c.415G>T	p.Val139Leu	missense	Exon 5 of 12	NP_001424466.1
	PSEN2	NM_012486.3		c.415G>T	p.Val139Leu	missense	Exon 6 of 13	NP_036618.2

Ensembl Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	PSEN2	ENST00000366783.8	TSL:5 MANE Select	c.415G>T	p.Val139Leu	missense	Exon 6 of 13	ENSP00000355747.3
	PSEN2	ENST00000366782.6	TSL:1	c.415G>T	p.Val139Leu	missense	Exon 6 of 13	ENSP00000355746.2
	ENSG00000288674	ENST00000366779.6	TSL:2	n.415G>T		non_coding_transcript_exon	Exon 6 of 32	ENSP00000355741.2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes AF: 0.00000658 AC: 1 AN: 151952 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31

Gnomad AFR AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMI AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN AF: 0.00

Gnomad MID AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE AF: 0.0000147

Gnomad OTH AF: 0.00

GnomAD2 exomes AF: 0.00000398 AC: 1 AN: 251148 AF XY: 0.00

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00000880

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 6.84e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1461668 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 727142

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33480

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26136

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39698

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 86254

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 53230

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 8.99e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1111986

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 60392

GnomAD4 genome AF: 0.00000658 AC: 1 AN: 151952 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.0000135 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 74180

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 41360

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 15260

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 3470

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5172

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 4804

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 10570

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 316

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.0000147 AC: 1 AN: 68000

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 2088

Alfa AF: 0.00 Hom.: 0

ExAC AF: 0.00000824 AC: 1

ClinVar

Not reported in ClinVar

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.11
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.31	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.21
CADD	Benign	20
DANN	Benign	0.88
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.73	D
Eigen	Benign	-0.54
Eigen_PC	Benign	-0.36
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.97	D
LIST_S2	Benign	0.80	T
M_CAP	Uncertain	0.23	D
MetaRNN	Uncertain	0.43	T
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	0.80	D
MutationAssessor	Benign	0.0	N
PhyloP100		5.7
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.80	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-0.66	N
REVEL	Uncertain	0.63
Sift	Benign	0.87	T
Sift4G	Benign	1.0	T
Polyphen		0.029	B
Vest4		0.54
MutPred		0.55		Loss of catalytic residue at V139 (P = 0.0331)
MVP		0.91
MPC		0.37
ClinPred		0.24	T
GERP RS		4.2
Varity_R		0.14
gMVP		0.75
Mutation Taster		=31/69	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs202178897; hg19: chr1-227073297;