chr1-226888970-T-G

Variant names:

• chr1-226888970-T-G
• rs61730652
• NM_000447.3:c.708T>G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. The variant received 6 ACMG points: 6P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PP3_Moderate

The NM_000447.3(PSEN2):​c.708T>G​(p.Ser236Arg) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000684 in 1,461,888 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. No clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar. Synonymous variant affecting the same amino acid position (i.e. S236S) has been classified as Likely benign.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 6.8e-7 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: PSEN2 NM_000447.3 missense
• Clinical Significance: Not reported in ClinVar
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 0.137
• Publications: 0 publications found

Genes affected

PSEN2 (HGNC:9509): (presenilin 2) Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients with an inherited form of the disease carry mutations in the presenilin proteins (PSEN1 or PSEN2) or the amyloid precursor protein (APP). These disease-linked mutations result in increased production of the longer form of amyloid-beta (main component of amyloid deposits found in AD brains). Presenilins are postulated to regulate APP processing through their effects on gamma-secretase, an enzyme that cleaves APP. Also, it is thought that the presenilins are involved in the cleavage of the Notch receptor such that, they either directly regulate gamma-secretase activity, or themselves act are protease enzymes. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms of PSEN2 have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

PSEN2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• Alzheimer disease 4

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• dilated cardiomyopathy

  Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: ClinGen

ENSG00000288674 (HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Likely_pathogenic. The variant received 6 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 3 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 4 uncertain in NM_000447.3
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.937

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_000447.3. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	PSEN2	NM_000447.3	MANE Select	c.708T>G	p.Ser236Arg	missense	Exon 8 of 13	NP_000438.2
	PSEN2	NM_001437537.1		c.708T>G	p.Ser236Arg	missense	Exon 7 of 12	NP_001424466.1
	PSEN2	NM_012486.3		c.708T>G	p.Ser236Arg	missense	Exon 8 of 13	NP_036618.2

Ensembl Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	PSEN2	ENST00000366783.8	TSL:5 MANE Select	c.708T>G	p.Ser236Arg	missense	Exon 8 of 13	ENSP00000355747.3
	PSEN2	ENST00000366782.6	TSL:1	c.708T>G	p.Ser236Arg	missense	Exon 8 of 13	ENSP00000355746.2
	ENSG00000288674	ENST00000366779.6	TSL:2	n.708T>G		non_coding_transcript_exon	Exon 8 of 32	ENSP00000355741.2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome AF: 6.84e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1461888 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 727244

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33480

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 44722

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26134

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39700

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 86258

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 53420

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 8.99e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1112010

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 60396

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Not reported in ClinVar

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	1.0
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.51	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.49
CADD	Benign	20
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.99	D
Eigen	Benign	-0.13
Eigen_PC	Benign	-0.34
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.81	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.99	D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.82	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.94	D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	1.1	D
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	3.7	H
PhyloP100		0.14
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.87	D
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-4.1	D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.92
Sift	Uncertain	0.0010	D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.0030	D
Polyphen		1.0	D
Vest4		0.96
MutPred		0.77		Gain of methylation at S236 (P = 0.0606)
MVP		0.97
MPC		0.93
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		-4.3
Varity_R		0.88
gMVP		0.99
Mutation Taster		=10/90	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs61730652; hg19: chr1-227076671;