chr10-43100555-G-A

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. The variant received -2 ACMG points: 0P and 2B. BP4_Moderate

The NM_020975.6(RET):c.170G>A(p.Arg57Gln) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000118 in 1,613,872 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 16/22 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R57W) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000020 ( 0 hom., cov: 33)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000011 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

RET
NM_020975.6 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications U:5B:1

Conservation

PhyloP100: -0.223

Publications

4 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

RET (HGNC:9967): (ret proto-oncogene) This gene encodes a transmembrane receptor and member of the tyrosine protein kinase family of proteins. Binding of ligands such as GDNF (glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor) and other related proteins to the encoded receptor stimulates receptor dimerization and activation of downstream signaling pathways that play a role in cell differentiation, growth, migration and survival. The encoded receptor is important in development of the nervous system, and the development of organs and tissues derived from the neural crest. This proto-oncogene can undergo oncogenic activation through both cytogenetic rearrangement and activating point mutations. Mutations in this gene are associated with Hirschsprung disease and central hypoventilation syndrome and have been identified in patients with renal agenesis. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2017]

RET Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

familial medullary thyroid carcinoma
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet, G2P
multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet, ClinGen, G2P
multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: G2P, Orphanet, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), ClinGen
pheochromocytoma
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: G2P
Hirschsprung disease, susceptibility to, 1
Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
Haddad syndrome
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
Hirschsprung disease
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
renal agenesis, unilateral
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
bilateral renal agenesis
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
renal agenesis
Inheritance: AR Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: G2P

RET links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Likely_benign. The variant received -2 ACMG points.

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.10956246).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
RET	NM_020975.6 link	c.170G>A	p.Arg57Gln	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 20	ENST00000355710.8	NP_066124.1	P07949-1A0A024R7T2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
RET	ENST00000355710.8 link	c.170G>A	p.Arg57Gln	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 20	5	NM_020975.6	ENSP00000347942.3		P07949-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000197

AC:

AN:

152148

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0000241

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.0000655

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00316

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.0000239

AC:

AN:

250982

AF XY:

0.0000221

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.0000578

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.0000353

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000109

AC:

AN:

1461606

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000124

AC XY:

AN XY:

727096

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000299

AC:

AN:

33480

American (AMR)

AF:

0.000112

AC:

AN:

44722

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26136

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39700

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

86258

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.0000188

AC:

AN:

53168

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5766

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00000630

AC:

AN:

1111988

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.0000331

AC:

AN:

60388

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.459

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000197

AC:

AN:

152266

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000269

AC XY:

AN XY:

74450

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000241

AC:

AN:

41558

American (AMR)

AF:

0.0000654

AC:

AN:

15296

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3472

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5172

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4818

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10612

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00340

AC:

AN:

294

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

68020

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2112

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.558

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.0000267

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000340

ExAC

AF:

0.00000824

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Uncertain:5Benign:1

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 2

Uncertain:3

Oct 06, 2023

All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This missense variant replaces arginine with glutamine at codon 57 of the RET protein. Computational prediction suggests that this variant may not impact protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold <= 0.5, PMID: 27666373). To our knowledge, functional studies have not been reported for this variant. This variant has not been reported in individuals affected with RET-related disorders in the literature. This variant has been identified in 6/250982 chromosomes in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Mar 04, 2024

Molecular Pathology, Peter Maccallum Cancer Centre

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Jan 23, 2025

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change replaces arginine, which is basic and polar, with glutamine, which is neutral and polar, at codon 57 of the RET protein (p.Arg57Gln). This variant is present in population databases (rs779915615, gnomAD 0.006%). This variant has been reported in a fetus affected with multicystic dysplastic kidney, as well as the unaffected father (PMID: 21490379). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 477323). An algorithm developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function outputs the following: PolyPhen-2: "Benign". The glutamine amino acid residue is found in multiple mammalian species, which suggests that this missense change does not adversely affect protein function. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

not provided

Uncertain:2

Jun 27, 2017

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Jun 10, 2024

GeneDx

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

In silico analysis indicates that this missense variant does not alter protein structure/function; Observed as a variant inherited from an unaffected parent in a fetus with multicystic dysplastic kidney (PMID: 21490379); Observed in an individual with breast cancer in published literature (PMID: 35534704); This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 14633923, 30792639, 21490379, 35534704) -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Benign:1

Mar 08, 2019

Ambry Genetics

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This alteration is classified as likely benign based on a combination of the following: seen in unaffected individuals, population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.069

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.34

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.56

CADD

Benign

3.1

(source)

DANN

Benign

0.95

DEOGEN2

Uncertain

0.51

D;.;.

Eigen

Benign

-1.5

Eigen_PC

Benign

-1.5

FATHMM_MKL

Benign

0.027

LIST_S2

Benign

0.63

T;T;T

M_CAP

Uncertain

0.087

MetaRNN

Benign

0.11

T;T;T

MetaSVM

Benign

-0.87

MutationAssessor

Benign

0.72

N;.;N

PhyloP100

-0.22

PrimateAI

Benign

0.21

PROVEAN

Benign

-1.3

N;.;N

REVEL

Benign

0.25

Sift

Benign

0.16

T;.;T

Sift4G

Benign

0.14

T;T;T

Polyphen

0.068

B;.;B

Vest4

0.050

MutPred

0.53

Gain of sheet (P = 0.0827);Gain of sheet (P = 0.0827);Gain of sheet (P = 0.0827);

MVP

0.56

MPC

0.87

ClinPred

0.029

GERP RS

-3.0

PromoterAI

-0.0080

Neutral

(source)

Varity_R

0.052

gMVP

0.60

Mutation Taster

=92/8

polymorphism

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.11

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over