chr11-36575649-T-A

Position:

• chr11-36575649-T-A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 12 ACMG points: 12P and 0B. PM2 PP3_Moderate PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000448.3(RAG1):​c.2345T>A​(p.Val782Asp) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000205 in 1,461,886 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000021 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: RAG1 NM_000448.3 missense
• Clinical Significance: Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:3
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.67

Genes affected

RAG1 (HGNC:9831): (recombination activating 1) The protein encoded by this gene is involved in activation of immunoglobulin V-D-J recombination. The encoded protein is involved in recognition of the DNA substrate, but stable binding and cleavage activity also requires RAG2. Defects in this gene can be the cause of several diseases. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

RAG2 (HGNC:9832): (recombination activating 2) This gene encodes a protein that is involved in the initiation of V(D)J recombination during B and T cell development. This protein forms a complex with the product of the adjacent recombination activating gene 1, and this complex can form double-strand breaks by cleaving DNA at conserved recombination signal sequences. The recombination activating gene 1 component is thought to contain most of the catalytic activity, while the N-terminal of the recombination activating gene 2 component is thought to form a six-bladed propeller in the active core that serves as a binding scaffold for the tight association of the complex with DNA. A C-terminal plant homeodomain finger-like motif in this protein is necessary for interactions with chromatin components, specifically with histone H3 that is trimethylated at lysine 4. Mutations in this gene cause Omenn syndrome, a form of severe combined immunodeficiency associated with autoimmune-like symptoms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 12 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.905
• PP5: Variant 11-36575649-T-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr11-36575649-T-A is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 2416596.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
RAG1	NM_000448.3	c.2345T>A	p.Val782Asp	missense_variant	2/2	ENST00000299440.6

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
RAG1	ENST00000299440.6	c.2345T>A	p.Val782Asp	missense_variant	2/2	1	NM_000448.3	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000205 AC: 3 AN: 1461886 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 36 AF XY: 0.00000138 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 727246

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00000270

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ClinVar

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:3

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Severe combined immunodeficiency disease Pathogenic:1

Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Jun 14, 2024

Variant summary: RAG1 c.2345T>A (p.Val782Asp) results in a non-conservative amino acid change in the encoded protein sequence. Five of five in-silico tools predict a damaging effect of the variant on protein function. The variant was absent in 251188 control chromosomes. c.2345T>A has been reported in the literature in the presumed compound heterozygous state in at least 1 individual affected with Omenn syndrome (example, Sharapova_2020). At least one publication reports experimental evidence evaluating an impact on protein function. The most pronounced variant effect results in undetectable RAG activity when assessed in a pro-B cell line that lacks both RAG1 and RAG2 (example, Sharapova_2020). The following publication have been ascertained in the context of this evaluation (PMID: 32655540). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 2416596). Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as likely pathogenic. -

Severe combined immunodeficiency, autosomal recessive, T cell-negative, B cell-negative, NK cell-positive;C2673536:Combined immunodeficiency with skin granulomas Pathogenic:1

Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Aug 01, 2022

In summary, the currently available evidence indicates that the variant is pathogenic, but additional data are needed to prove that conclusively. Therefore, this variant has been classified as Likely Pathogenic. Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt RAG1 protein function. This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with Omenn syndrome and/or severe combined immunodeficiency (PMID: 32655540). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This sequence change replaces valine, which is neutral and non-polar, with aspartic acid, which is acidic and polar, at codon 782 of the RAG1 protein (p.Val782Asp). -

Combined immunodeficiency due to partial RAG1 deficiency Pathogenic:1

Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Baylor Genetics

Feb 24, 2024

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.99
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.48	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.45
CADD	Pathogenic	29
DANN	Uncertain	0.98
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.95	D
Eigen	Pathogenic	1.0
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.95
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.98	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.99	D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.35	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.91	D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	1.0	D
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	3.6	H
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	D
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.83	D
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-4.2	D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.92
Sift	Pathogenic	0.0	D
Sift4G	Pathogenic	0.0	D
Polyphen		1.0	D
Vest4		0.84
MutPred		0.62		Gain of disorder (P = 0.0075);
MVP		1.0
MPC		0.96
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		6.1
Varity_R		0.85
gMVP		0.95

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs200300629; hg19: chr11-36597199;