chr11-44107723-C-T

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. The variant received -6 ACMG points: 0P and 6B. BP4_ModerateBS2

The NM_207122.2(EXT2):c.11C>T(p.Ser4Leu) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000378 in 1,614,140 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, including 2 homozygotes. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Synonymous variant affecting the same amino acid position (i.e. S4S) has been classified as Likely benign.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000039 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000038 ( 2 hom. )

Consequence

EXT2
NM_207122.2 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications P:2U:2B:1

Conservation

PhyloP100: 7.46

Publications

6 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

EXT2 (HGNC:3513): (exostosin glycosyltransferase 2) This gene encodes one of two glycosyltransferases involved in the chain elongation step of heparan sulfate biosynthesis. Mutations in this gene cause the type II form of multiple exostoses. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been noted for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

EXT2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

exostoses, multiple, type 2
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), ClinGen, Ambry Genetics, G2P
seizures-scoliosis-macrocephaly syndrome
Inheritance: AR Classification: STRONG, SUPPORTIVE, LIMITED Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Orphanet
hereditary multiple osteochondromas
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

EXT2 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Likely_benign. The variant received -6 ACMG points.

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.1664857).

BS2

High Homozygotes in GnomAdExome4 at 2 AD,AR gene

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
EXT2	NM_207122.2 link	c.11C>T	p.Ser4Leu	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 14	ENST00000533608.7	NP_997005.1	Q93063-1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
EXT2	ENST00000533608.7 link	c.11C>T	p.Ser4Leu	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 14	1	NM_207122.2	ENSP00000431173.2		Q93063-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000329

AC:

AN:

152172

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.000207

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00316

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000441

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.0000637

AC:

AN:

251294

AF XY:

0.0000442

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.0000868

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.0000463

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.0000264

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000376

AC:

AN:

1461850

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000426

AC XY:

AN XY:

727222

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000299

AC:

AN:

33478

American (AMR)

AF:

0.0000671

AC:

AN:

44720

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26130

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39700

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.000243

AC:

AN:

86256

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.0000187

AC:

AN:

53410

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.000520

AC:

AN:

5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000216

AC:

AN:

1111992

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.0000331

AC:

AN:

60396

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.500

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000394

AC:

AN:

152290

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000269

AC XY:

AN XY:

74462

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

41536

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

15308

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3466

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5190

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.000415

AC:

AN:

4820

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10620

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00340

AC:

AN:

294

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000441

AC:

AN:

68028

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2116

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.485

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Alfa

AF:

0.0000282

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000227

ExAC

AF:

0.0000576

AC:

Asia WGS

AF:

0.000289

AC:

AN:

3478

EpiCase

AF:

0.000109

EpiControl

AF:

0.00

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:2Uncertain:2Benign:1

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Seizures-scoliosis-macrocephaly syndrome

Pathogenic:2

Jul 07, 2018

Marseille Medical Genetics, U1251, Aix Marseille University, Inserm

Significance:Likely pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:research

- -

Nov 21, 2024

OMIM

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:literature only

- -

Exostoses, multiple, type 2

Uncertain:1Benign:1

Jan 13, 2018

Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant was observed in the ICSL laboratory as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. It had not been previously curated by ICSL or reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD: prior to June 1st, 2018), and was therefore a candidate for classification through an automated scoring system. Utilizing variant allele frequency, disease prevalence and penetrance estimates, and inheritance mode, an automated score was calculated to assess if this variant is too frequent to cause the disease. Based on the score and internal cut-off values, a variant classified as likely benign is not then subjected to further curation. The score for this variant resulted in a classification of likely benign for this disease. -

May 23, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change replaces serine, which is neutral and polar, with leucine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 4 of the EXT2 protein (p.Ser4Leu). This variant is present in population databases (rs527624522, gnomAD 0.03%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with an autosomal recessive EXT2-related neurodevelopmental condition (PMID: 30075207). It has also been observed to segregate with disease in related individuals. Invitae‚Äôs hereditary multiple osteochondromas clinical variant model, which takes into account the clinical and family history, age, sex, and reported ancestry of multiple individuals with this EXT2 variant, predicts that it is benign with a negative predictive value of at least 95%. This is a validated machine learning model developed at Invitae that incorporates the clinical features of 50,122 individuals referred for testing at Invitae. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 304572). An algorithm developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (PolyPhen-2) suggests that this variant¬†is likely to be tolerated. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Exostoses, multiple, type 2;C4225248:Seizures-scoliosis-macrocephaly syndrome

Uncertain:1

Apr 08, 2024

Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.15

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.19

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.21

CADD

Uncertain

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

0.98

DEOGEN2

Benign

0.28

T;T;.;.;.;T

Eigen

Benign

0.17

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.35

FATHMM_MKL

Pathogenic

0.99

LIST_S2

Uncertain

0.93

.;D;D;D;D;D

M_CAP

Benign

0.020

MetaRNN

Benign

0.17

T;T;T;T;T;T

MetaSVM

Benign

-0.92

MutationAssessor

Benign

0.97

L;.;.;L;.;L

PhyloP100

7.5

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.65

PROVEAN

Benign

-0.47

N;D;N;N;N;N

REVEL

Benign

0.16

Sift

Uncertain

0.0050

D;D;D;D;D;D

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.029

D;D;D;D;D;D

Polyphen

0.15

B;.;.;P;.;B

Vest4

0.50

MutPred

0.39

Loss of disorder (P = 0);Loss of disorder (P = 0);Loss of disorder (P = 0);Loss of disorder (P = 0);.;Loss of disorder (P = 0);

MVP

0.77

MPC

0.27

ClinPred

0.11

GERP RS

5.3

RBP_binding_hub_radar

0.0

RBP_regulation_power_radar

1.7

Varity_R

0.15

gMVP

0.78

Mutation Taster

=1/99

disease causing (ClinVar)

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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chr11-44107723-C-T

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over