chr11-89191205-G-A

Variant names:

• chr11-89191205-G-A
• rs104894314
• NM_000372.5:c.823G>A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 5 ACMG points: 7P and 2B. PM1 PM2 PM5 PP2 BP4_Moderate

The NM_000372.5(TYR):​c.823G>A​(p.Val275Ile) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000137 in 1,461,154 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 15/22 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. V275F) has been classified as Likely pathogenic.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000014 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: TYR NM_000372.5 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 0.118
• Publications: 25 publications found

Genes affected

TYR (HGNC:12442): (tyrosinase) The enzyme encoded by this gene catalyzes the first 2 steps, and at least 1 subsequent step, in the conversion of tyrosine to melanin. The enzyme has both tyrosine hydroxylase and dopa oxidase catalytic activities, and requires copper for function. Mutations in this gene result in oculocutaneous albinism, and nonpathologic polymorphisms result in skin pigmentation variation. The human genome contains a pseudogene similar to the 3' half of this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]

TYR Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• oculocutaneous albinism type 1

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• oculocutaneous albinism type 1A

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: G2P, Orphanet, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Laboratory for Molecular Medicine
• Waardenburg syndrome type 2

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• minimal pigment oculocutaneous albinism type 1

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• oculocutaneous albinism type 1B

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• temperature-sensitive oculocutaneous albinism type 1

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 5 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 8 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 4 uncertain in NM_000372.5
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr11-89191205-G-T is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 3773.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.
• PP2: Missense variant in the gene, where a lot of missense mutations are associated with disease in ClinVar. The gene has 116 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 3 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: -1.9514 (below the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: -0.85521 (below the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to Waardenburg syndrome type 2, oculocutaneous albinism type 1A, oculocutaneous albinism type 1, oculocutaneous albinism type 1B, minimal pigment oculocutaneous albinism type 1, temperature-sensitive oculocutaneous albinism type 1.
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.15362257).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
TYR	NM_000372.5	c.823G>A	p.Val275Ile	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 5	ENST00000263321.6	NP_000363.1
TYR	XM_011542970.3	c.823G>A	p.Val275Ile	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 6		XP_011541272.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
TYR	ENST00000263321.6	c.823G>A	p.Val275Ile	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 5	1	NM_000372.5	ENSP00000263321.4
TYR	ENST00000526139.1	n.884G>A		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	Exon 2 of 3	1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD2 exomes AF: 0.00000797 AC: 2 AN: 250988 AF XY: 0.00000737

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000137 AC: 2 AN: 1461154 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.00000138 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 726888

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33434

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 44628

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26102

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39688

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.0000232 AC: 2 AN: 86248

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 53388

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5760

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 1111570

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 60336

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

not specified Uncertain:1

Jan 21, 2025

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Variant summary: TYR c.823G>A (p.Val275Ile) results in a conservative amino acid change located in the common central domain of tyrosinase (IPR002227) of the encoded protein sequence. Five of five in-silico tools predict a benign effect of the variant on protein function. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 8e-06 in 250988 control chromosomes (gnomAD). The available data on variant occurrences in the general population are insufficient to allow any conclusion about variant significance. To our knowledge, no occurrence of c.823G>A in individuals affected with oculocutaneous albinism and no experimental evidence demonstrating its impact on protein function have been reported. A different variant affecting the same codon has been classified as pathogenic by our lab (c.823G>T, p.Val275Phe), supporting the critical relevance of codon 275 to TYR protein function. No submitters have cited clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as uncertain significance. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.061
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.17	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.30
CADD	Benign	0.34
DANN	Benign	0.72
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.57	D
Eigen	Benign	-1.7
Eigen_PC	Benign	-1.7
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.018	N
LIST_S2	Benign	0.76	T
M_CAP	Benign	0.040	D
MetaRNN	Benign	0.15	T
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.55	T
MutationAssessor	Benign	-0.41	N
PhyloP100		0.12
PrimateAI	Benign	0.29	T
PROVEAN	Benign	0.030	N
REVEL	Uncertain	0.32
Sift	Benign	1.0	T
Sift4G	Benign	1.0	T
Polyphen		0.0	B
Vest4		0.12
MutPred		0.58		Loss of sheet (P = 0.0315);
MVP		0.93
MPC		0.011
ClinPred		0.018	T
GERP RS		-8.2
Varity_R		0.038
gMVP		0.45
Mutation Taster		=87/13	polymorphism

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs104894314; hg19: chr11-88924373;