chr12-111598963-C-CTGCTGCTGCTGTTGCTGCTGCTGCTGT

Variant names:

• chr12-111598963-C-CTGCTGCTGCTGTTGCTGCTGCTGCTGT
• rs1555246688
• NM_001372574.1:c.71_72insACAGCAGCAGCAGCAACAGCAGCAGCA

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. The variant received -1 ACMG points: 0P and 1B. BP3

The NM_001372574.1(ATXN2):​c.71_72insACAGCAGCAGCAGCAACAGCAGCAGCA​(p.Gln16_Gln24dup) variant causes a disruptive inframe insertion change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000135 in 148,588 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. It is difficult to determine the true allele frequency of this variant because it is of type INS_BIG, and the frequency of such variant types in population databases may be underestimated and unreliable. No clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: 𝑓 0.000013 (0 hom., cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000052 (0 hom.)
  • Failed GnomAD Quality Control
• Consequence: ATXN2 NM_001372574.1 disruptive_inframe_insertion
• Clinical Significance: Not reported in ClinVar
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 0.421
• Publications: 0 publications found

Genes affected

ATXN2 (HGNC:10555): (ataxin 2) This gene belongs to a group of genes that is associated with microsatellite-expansion diseases, a class of neurological and neuromuscular disorders caused by expansion of short stretches of repetitive DNA. The protein encoded by this gene has two globular domains near the N-terminus, one of which contains a clathrin-mediated trans-Golgi signal and an endoplasmic reticulum exit signal. The encoded cytoplasmic protein localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane, is involved in endocytosis, and modulates mTOR signals, modifying ribosomal translation and mitochondrial function. The N-terminal region of the protein contains a polyglutamine tract of 14-31 residues that can be expanded in the pathogenic state to 32-200 residues. Intermediate length expansions of this tract increase susceptibility to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, while long expansions of this tract result in spinocerebellar ataxia-2, an autosomal-dominantly inherited, neurodegenerative disorder. Genome-wide association studies indicate that loss-of-function mutations in this gene may be associated with susceptibility to type I diabetes, obesity and hypertension. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2016]

ATXN2-AS (HGNC:51838): (ATXN2 antisense RNA)

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Likely_benign. The variant received -1 ACMG points.

• BP3: Nonframeshift variant in repetitive region in NM_001372574.1

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_001372574.1. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	ATXN2	NM_001372574.1	MANE Select	c.71_72insACAGCAGCAGCAGCAACAGCAGCAGCA	p.Gln16_Gln24dup	disruptive_inframe_insertion	Exon 1 of 25	NP_001359503.1	A0A5F9ZI57
	ATXN2	NM_002973.4		c.71_72insACAGCAGCAGCAGCAACAGCAGCAGCA	p.Gln16_Gln24dup	disruptive_inframe_insertion	Exon 1 of 25	NP_002964.4	V9GY86
	ATXN2	NM_001310121.1		c.-65+611_-65+612insACAGCAGCAGCAGCAACAGCAGCAGCA		intron	N/A	NP_001297050.1	Q2M2R5

Ensembl Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	ATXN2	ENST00000673436.1	MANE Select	c.71_72insACAGCAGCAGCAGCAACAGCAGCAGCA	p.Gln16_Gln24dup	disruptive_inframe_insertion	Exon 1 of 25	ENSP00000500925.1	A0A5F9ZI57
	ATXN2	ENST00000550104.5	TSL:1	c.551_552insACAGCAGCAGCAGCAACAGCAGCAGCA	p.Gln176_Gln184dup	disruptive_inframe_insertion	Exon 1 of 25	ENSP00000446576.2	Q99700-1
	ATXN2	ENST00000608853.5	TSL:1	c.71_72insACAGCAGCAGCAGCAACAGCAGCAGCA	p.Gln16_Gln24dup	disruptive_inframe_insertion	Exon 1 of 25	ENSP00000476504.1	V9GY86

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes AF: 0.0000135 AC: 2 AN: 148588 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32

Gnomad AFR AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMI AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN AF: 0.00

Gnomad MID AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE AF: 0.0000299

Gnomad OTH AF: 0.00

GnomAD2 exomes AF: 0.00000897 AC: 1 AN: 111432 AF XY: 0.00

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.0000466

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome Data not reliable, filtered out with message: AS_VQSR AF: 0.00000517 AC: 7 AN: 1353890 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 88 AF XY: 0.00000599 AC XY: 4 AN XY: 667952

⚠️ The allele balance in gnomAD version 4 Exomes is significantly skewed from the expected value of 0.5.

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 28508

American (AMR) AF: 0.0000303 AC: 1 AN: 32978

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 24380

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 32756

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 76054

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 37030

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 4100

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00000565 AC: 6 AN: 1061730

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 56354

⚠️ The allele balance in gnomAD4 Exomes is highly skewed from 0.5 (p-value = 0.0103420), which strongly suggests a high chance of mosaicism in these individuals.

GnomAD4 genome AF: 0.0000135 AC: 2 AN: 148588 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 72612

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 40042

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 14944

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 3456

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 4970

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 4778

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 10280

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 312

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.0000299 AC: 2 AN: 66864

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 2036

ClinVar

Not reported in ClinVar

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
PhyloP100		0.42
Mutation Taster		=85/15	polymorphism

Splicing

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1555246688; hg19: chr12-112036767;