chr14-87945631-C-A

Position:

• chr14-87945631-C-A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 12 ACMG points: 12P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PM5 PP3_Strong PP5_Moderate

The ENST00000261304.7(GALC):​c.1592G>T​(p.Arg531Leu) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000274 in 1,458,312 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R531C) has been classified as Likely pathogenic.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000027 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: GALC ENST00000261304.7 missense
• Clinical Significance: Likely pathogenic criteria provided, single submitter P:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.70

Genes affected

GALC (HGNC:4115): (galactosylceramidase) This gene encodes a lysosomal protein which hydrolyzes the galactose ester bonds of galactosylceramide, galactosylsphingosine, lactosylceramide, and monogalactosyldiglyceride. Mutations in this gene have been associated with Krabbe disease, also known as globoid cell leukodystrophy. Alternate transcriptional splice variants, encoding different isoforms, have been characterized. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 12 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 2 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 1 benign, 4 uncertain in ENST00000261304.7
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr14-87945632-G-A is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 188997.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.949
• PP5: Variant 14-87945631-C-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr14-87945631-C-A is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 1345348.Status of the report is criteria_provided_single_submitter, 1 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
GALC	NM_000153.4	c.1592G>T	p.Arg531Leu	missense_variant	14/17	ENST00000261304.7	NP_000144.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
GALC	ENST00000261304.7	c.1592G>T	p.Arg531Leu	missense_variant	14/17	1	NM_000153.4	ENSP00000261304	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000274 AC: 4 AN: 1458312 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.00000551 AC XY: 4 AN XY: 725744

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00000361

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

Galactosylceramide beta-galactosidase deficiency Pathogenic:1

Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Mar 29, 2023

In summary, the currently available evidence indicates that the variant is pathogenic, but additional data are needed to prove that conclusively. Therefore, this variant has been classified as Likely Pathogenic. This variant disrupts the p.Arg531 amino acid residue in GALC. Other variant(s) that disrupt this residue have been determined to be pathogenic (PMID: 9338580, 17824908, 27638593, 30777126). This suggests that this residue is clinically significant, and that variants that disrupt this residue are likely to be disease-causing. Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt GALC protein function. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 1345348). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with GALC-related conditions. This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This sequence change replaces arginine, which is basic and polar, with leucine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 531 of the GALC protein (p.Arg531Leu). -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.83
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.38	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.30
CADD	Pathogenic	27
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.94	D;.;.;.
Eigen	Uncertain	0.66
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.53
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.95	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.99	D;D;D;D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.32	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.95	D;D;D;D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	1.1	D
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	3.1	M;.;.;.
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	D;D;D;D
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.50	T
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-6.3	D;D;D;D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.86
Sift	Uncertain	0.0020	D;D;D;D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.0030	D;D;D;D
Polyphen		1.0	D;D;D;.
Vest4		0.96
MutPred		0.76		Gain of helix (P = 0.0425);.;.;.;
MVP		0.98
MPC		0.65
ClinPred		0.99	D
GERP RS		4.6
Varity_R		0.80
gMVP		0.94

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

No publications associated with this variant yet.

Other links and lift over

hg19: chr14-88411975;