chr15-90794191-C-T

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 2 ACMG points: 2P and 0B. PM2

The NM_000057.4(BLM):c.3044C>T(p.Thr1015Ile) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000186 in 1,604,530 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.00012 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.00019 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

BLM
NM_000057.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:11

Conservation

PhyloP100: 7.36

Variant links:

Genes affected

BLM (HGNC:1058): (BLM RecQ like helicase) The Bloom syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by growth deficiency, microcephaly and immunodeficiency among others. It is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the gene encoding DNA helicase RecQ protein on chromosome 15q26. This Bloom-associated helicase unwinds a variety of DNA substrates including Holliday junction, and is involved in several pathways contributing to the maintenance of genome stability. Identification of pathogenic Bloom variants is required for heterozygote testing in at-risk families. [provided by RefSeq, May 2020]

BLM links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 2 ACMG points.

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
BLM	NM_000057.4 link	c.3044C>T	p.Thr1015Ile	missense_variant	Exon 16 of 22	ENST00000355112.8	NP_000048.1	P54132

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
BLM	ENST00000355112.8 link	c.3044C>T	p.Thr1015Ile	missense_variant	Exon 16 of 22	1	NM_000057.4	ENSP00000347232.3		P54132

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.000118

AC:

AN:

152048

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0000483

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.0000947

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.000221

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.000121

AC:

AN:

248866

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.000134

AC XY:

AN XY:

134512

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.0000618

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.0000925

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.000239

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.000193

AC:

281

AN:

1452482

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000198

AC XY:

143

AN XY:

722692

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.000120

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.0000255

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.0000565

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.000241

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.000100

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.000118

AC:

AN:

152048

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000942

AC XY:

AN XY:

74282

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.0000483

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.0000947

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.000221

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

Alfa

AF:

0.000152

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000907

TwinsUK

AF:

0.00

AC:

ALSPAC

AF:

0.000519

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.000132

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:11

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Bloom syndrome

Uncertain:4

Sep 16, 2020

Natera, Inc.

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Jan 31, 2024

Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Jan 22, 2022

St. Jude Molecular Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The BLM c.3044C>T (p.Thr1015Ile) missense change has a maximum subpopulation frequency of 0.025% in gnomAD v2.1.1 (https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/15-91337421-C-T ). Five of seven in silico tools predict a benign effect of this variant on protein function (BP4), but these predictions have not been confirmed by functional studies. To our knowledge, this variant has not been reported in individuals with Bloom syndrome. In summary, this variant meets criteria to be classified as of uncertain significance based on the ACMG/AMP criteria: BP4. -

Jan 29, 2025

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces threonine, which is neutral and polar, with isoleucine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 1015 of the BLM protein (p.Thr1015Ile). This variant is present in population databases (rs202196488, gnomAD 0.02%). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with BLM-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 127494). Invitae Evidence Modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) indicates that this missense variant is not expected to disrupt BLM protein function with a negative predictive value of 80%. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

not provided

Uncertain:3

Jan 12, 2024

Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The BLM c.3044C>T (p.Thr1015Ile) variant has been reported in the published literature in individuals affected with pediatric cancer (PMIDs: 31970404 (2020), 25186949 (2014)). The frequency of this variant in the general population, 0.00038 (10/26100 chromosomes (Genome Aggregation Database, http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org)), is uninformative in the assessment of its pathogenicity. Analysis of this variant using bioinformatics tools for the prediction of the effect of amino acid changes on protein structure and function yielded predictions that this variant is benign. Based on the available information, we are unable to determine the clinical significance of this variant. -

Nov 03, 2021

Institute for Clinical Genetics, University Hospital TU Dresden, University Hospital TU Dresden

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Sep 23, 2024

GeneDx

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; Has not been previously published as pathogenic or benign to our knowledge; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 25186949, 31970404, 38482671) -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Uncertain:2

Jul 27, 2021

Sema4, Sema4

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: curation

- -

Aug 02, 2023

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The p.T1015I variant (also known as c.3044C>T), located in coding exon 15 of the BLM gene, results from a C to T substitution at nucleotide position 3044. The threonine at codon 1015 is replaced by isoleucine, an amino acid with similar properties. This amino acid position is well conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, the in silico prediction for this alteration is inconclusive. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

not specified

Uncertain:1

Nov 21, 2024

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Variant summary: BLM c.3044C>T (p.Thr1015Ile) results in a non-conservative amino acid change located in the Superfamilies 1 and 2 helicase C-terminal domain (IPR001650) of the encoded protein sequence. Three of five in-silico tools predict a benign effect of the variant on protein function. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00012 in 248866 control chromosomes, predominantly at a frequency of 0.00024 within the Non-Finnish European subpopulation in the gnomAD database. This frequency is not significantly higher than expected for a pathogenic variant in BLM causing Bloom Syndrome (0.00012 vs 0.0035), allowing no conclusion about variant significance. This frequency is not significantly higher than estimated for a pathogenic variant in BLM causing Bloom Syndrome (0.00012 vs 0.0035), allowing no conclusion about variant significance. c.3044C>T has been reported in the literature in individuals affected with pediatric cancers (e.g. Muskens_2020, Crompton_2014), which is a known component of Bloom Syndrome. These reports do not provide unequivocal conclusions about association of the variant with Bloom Syndrome. To our knowledge, no experimental evidence demonstrating an impact on protein function has been reported. The following publications have been ascertained in the context of this evaluation (PMID: 25186949, 31970404). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 127494). Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as uncertain significance. -

Colorectal cancer

Uncertain:1

Dec 15, 2023

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: research

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Pathogenic

0.63

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.0055

BayesDel_noAF

Uncertain

0.070

CADD

Uncertain

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

DEOGEN2

Benign

0.33

T;.

Eigen

Benign

0.10

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.29

FATHMM_MKL

Pathogenic

1.0

LIST_S2

Uncertain

0.90

D;D

M_CAP

Benign

0.029

MetaRNN

Uncertain

0.54

D;D

MetaSVM

Benign

-0.67

MutationAssessor

Benign

1.9

M;.

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.61

PROVEAN

Uncertain

-2.9

D;D

REVEL

Uncertain

0.43

Sift

Uncertain

0.023

D;D

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.012

D;T

Polyphen

0.18

B;.

Vest4

0.76

MVP

0.89

MPC

0.48

ClinPred

0.21

GERP RS

5.5

Varity_R

0.49

gMVP

0.62

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.020

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over