chr16-23637934-T-C

Position:

chr16-23637934-T-C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. Variant got -2 ACMG points: 0P and 2B. BP4_Moderate

The ENST00000261584.9(PALB2):c.127A>G(p.Lys43Glu) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000496 in 1,613,914 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. K43N) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.0000066 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000048 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

PALB2
ENST00000261584.9 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications U:9B:1

Conservation

PhyloP100: 2.86

Variant links:

Genes affected

PALB2 (HGNC:26144): (partner and localizer of BRCA2) This gene encodes a protein that may function in tumor suppression. This protein binds to and colocalizes with the breast cancer 2 early onset protein (BRCA2) in nuclear foci and likely permits the stable intranuclear localization and accumulation of BRCA2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

PALB2 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Likely_benign. Variant got -2 ACMG points.

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.25280184).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PALB2	NM_024675.4 linkuse as main transcript	c.127A>G	p.Lys43Glu	missense_variant	3/13	ENST00000261584.9	NP_078951.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PALB2	ENST00000261584.9 linkuse as main transcript	c.127A>G	p.Lys43Glu	missense_variant	3/13	1	NM_024675.4	ENSP00000261584	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.00000657

AC:

AN:

152160

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000147

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.0000199

AC:

AN:

251466

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.0000294

AC XY:

AN XY:

135912

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.000116

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00000879

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00000479

AC:

AN:

1461754

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00000550

AC XY:

AN XY:

727178

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.000112

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.00000180

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.00000657

AC:

AN:

152160

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00

AC XY:

AN XY:

74332

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.0000147

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

Alfa

AF:

0.0000127

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000189

ExAC

AF:

0.00000824

AC:

EpiCase

AF:

0.00

EpiControl

AF:

0.0000593

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Uncertain:9Benign:1

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Familial cancer of breast

Uncertain:3Benign:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Baylor Genetics	Dec 28, 2023	- -
Likely benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Myriad Genetics, Inc.	Nov 06, 2023	This variant is considered likely benign. This variant is strongly associated with less severe personal and family histories of cancer, typical for individuals without pathogenic variants in this gene [PMID: 25085752]. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp	Dec 22, 2023	This sequence change replaces lysine, which is basic and polar, with glutamic acid, which is acidic and polar, at codon 43 of the PALB2 protein (p.Lys43Glu). This variant is present in population databases (rs765125459, gnomAD 0.01%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with breast cancer (PMID: 25186627). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 410107). An algorithm developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (PolyPhen-2) suggests that this variant is likely to be disruptive. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -
Uncertain significance, no assertion criteria provided	curation	Leiden Open Variation Database	May 13, 2019	Curators: Marc Tischkowitz, Arleen D. Auerbach. Submitter to LOVD: Marc Tischkowitz. -

not provided

Uncertain:3

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano	Aug 03, 2023	In the published literature, this variant has been reported in individuals with breast cancer (PMIDs: 25186627 (2015), 33471991 (2021), see also LOVD (http://databases.lovd.nl/shared/genes/PALB2)). The frequency of this variant in the general population, 0.00012 (4/34588 chromosomes (Genome Aggregation Database, http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org)), is uninformative in the assessment of its pathogenicity. Analysis of this variant using bioinformatics tools for the prediction of the effect of amino acid changes on protein structure and function yielded conflicting predictions that this variant is benign or damaging. Based on the available information, we are unable to determine the clinical significance of this variant. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	GeneDx	Sep 25, 2018	This variant is denoted PALB2 c.127A>G at the cDNA level, p.Lys43Glu (K43E) at the protein level, and results in the change of a Lysine to a Glutamic Acid (AAG>GAG). This variant has been observed in at least one individual with breast cancer (Tung 2015). PALB2 Lys43Glu was not observed at a significant allele frequency in large population cohorts (Lek 2016). This variant is located within the region that interacts with BRCA1 and RAD51 (Sy 2009, Buisson 2010). In silico analysis, which includes protein predictors and evolutionary conservation, supports that this variant does not alter protein structure/function. Based on currently available evidence, it is unclear whether PALB2 Lys43Glu is a pathogenic or benign variant. We consider it to be a variant of uncertain significance. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences	Dec 19, 2016	- -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health	Mar 05, 2020	This missense variant replaces lysine with glutamic acid at codon 43 of the PALB2 protein. Computational prediction suggests that this variant may not impact protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold <= 0.5, PMID: 27666373). Splice site prediction tools suggest that this variant may not impact RNA splicing. To our knowledge, functional studies have not been reported for this variant. This variant has been reported in an individual affected with breast cancer (PMID: 25186627). This variant has been identified in 5/251466 chromosomes in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Ambry Genetics	Jun 08, 2023	The p.K43E variant (also known as c.127A>G), located in coding exon 3 of the PALB2 gene, results from an A to G substitution at nucleotide position 127. The lysine at codon 43 is replaced by glutamic acid, an amino acid with similar properties. One study detected this alteration in 1/2158 women with breast cancer who underwent multigene panel testing (Tung N et al. Cancer, 2015 Jan;121:25-33). This amino acid position is well conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be tolerated by in silico analysis. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Familial cancer of breast;C1835817:Fanconi anemia complementation group N;C3150547:Pancreatic cancer, susceptibility to, 3

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics

Oct 19, 2021

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.21

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.18

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.27

CADD

Uncertain

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

DEOGEN2

Benign

0.35

T;T

Eigen

Uncertain

0.42

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.37

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.91

LIST_S2

Benign

0.81

T;T

M_CAP

Benign

0.029

MetaRNN

Benign

0.25

T;T

MetaSVM

Benign

-0.93

MutationAssessor

Uncertain

2.8

M;.

MutationTaster

Benign

0.83

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.49

PROVEAN

Uncertain

-2.4

N;.

REVEL

Benign

0.088

Sift

Uncertain

0.0050

D;.

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.021

D;.

Polyphen

0.97

D;.

Vest4

0.44

MutPred

0.17

Loss of MoRF binding (P = 0.0101);.;

MVP

0.84

MPC

0.39

ClinPred

0.72

GERP RS

5.7

Varity_R

0.24

gMVP

0.064

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over