chr16-68822204-A-G

Position:

• chr16-68822204-A-G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 0 ACMG points: 2P and 2B. PM2 BP4 BS2_Supporting

The NM_004360.5(CDH1):​c.1915A>G​(p.Thr639Ala) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000342 in 1,461,820 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 12/21 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 31)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000034 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: CDH1 NM_004360.5 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:3
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 4.47

Genes affected

CDH1 (HGNC:1748): (cadherin 1) This gene encodes a classical cadherin of the cadherin superfamily. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants, at least one of which encodes a preproprotein that is proteolytically processed to generate the mature glycoprotein. This calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion protein is comprised of five extracellular cadherin repeats, a transmembrane region and a highly conserved cytoplasmic tail. Mutations in this gene are correlated with gastric, breast, colorectal, thyroid and ovarian cancer. Loss of function of this gene is thought to contribute to cancer progression by increasing proliferation, invasion, and/or metastasis. The ectodomain of this protein mediates bacterial adhesion to mammalian cells and the cytoplasmic domain is required for internalization. This gene is present in a gene cluster with other members of the cadherin family on chromosome 16. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2015]

CDH1 (HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 0 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.34860078).
• BS2: High AC in GnomAdExome4 at 5 AD gene. Variant has AC lower than other variant known as pathogenic in the gene, so the strength is limited to Supporting.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
CDH1	NM_004360.5	c.1915A>G	p.Thr639Ala	missense_variant	12/16	ENST00000261769.10	NP_004351.1
CDH1	NM_001317184.2	c.1732A>G	p.Thr578Ala	missense_variant	11/15		NP_001304113.1
CDH1	NM_001317185.2	c.367A>G	p.Thr123Ala	missense_variant	12/16		NP_001304114.1
CDH1	NM_001317186.2	c.-51A>G		5_prime_UTR_variant	11/15		NP_001304115.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
CDH1	ENST00000261769.10	c.1915A>G	p.Thr639Ala	missense_variant	12/16	1	NM_004360.5	ENSP00000261769.4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 31

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000342 AC: 5 AN: 1461820 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.00000550 AC XY: 4 AN XY: 727220

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00000450

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 31

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:3

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Ambry Genetics	Oct 12, 2023	The p.T639A variant (also known as c.1915A>G), located in coding exon 12 of the CDH1 gene, results from an A to G substitution at nucleotide position 1915. The threonine at codon 639 is replaced by alanine, an amino acid with similar properties. This amino acid position is not well conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be tolerated by in silico analysis. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health	Mar 01, 2021	This missense variant replaces threonine with alanine at codon 639 of the CDH1 protein. Computational prediction tool suggests that this variant may not impact protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold ≤0.5, PMID: 27666373). Splice site prediction tools suggest that this variant may not impact RNA splicing. To our knowledge, functional studies have not been performed for this variant. This variant has not been reported in individuals affected with hereditary cancer in the literature. This variant has not been identified in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Hereditary diffuse gastric adenocarcinoma Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Jun 24, 2022

In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function are either unavailable or do not agree on the potential impact of this missense change (SIFT: "Deleterious"; PolyPhen-2: "Benign"; Align-GVGD: "Class C0"). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 481677). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with CDH1-related conditions. This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This sequence change replaces threonine, which is neutral and polar, with alanine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 639 of the CDH1 protein (p.Thr639Ala). -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.14
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.034	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.29
CADD	Benign	20
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.49	T;T;.
Eigen	Benign	0.073
Eigen_PC	Benign	0.14
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.96	D
LIST_S2	Benign	0.77	T;T;T
M_CAP	Benign	0.067	D
MetaRNN	Benign	0.35	T;T;T
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.63	T
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	3.2	M;.;.
PrimateAI	Benign	0.43	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-3.9	D;.;D
REVEL	Benign	0.15
Sift	Uncertain	0.026	D;.;D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.015	D;D;D
Polyphen		0.0020	B;.;.
Vest4		0.39
MutPred		0.36		Gain of phosphorylation at Y642 (P = 0.2613);.;.;
MVP		0.80
MPC		0.25
ClinPred		0.90	D
GERP RS		4.6
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.7
Varity_R		0.23
gMVP		0.58

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1555516895; hg19: chr16-68856107;