Our verdict is Benign. Variant got -16 ACMG points: 0P and 16B. BA1BP7_StrongBP5_Strong
This summary comes from the ClinGen Evidence Repository: The c.591C>T variant in BRCA1 is a synonymous variant (p.Cys197=). The highest non-cancer, non-founder population filter allele frequency in gnomAD v2.1 (exomes only, non-cancer subset, read depth ≥20) or gnomAD v3.1 (non-cancer subset, read depth ≥20) is 0.001402 in the European (non-Finnish) population, which is above the ENIGMA BRCA1/2 VCEP threshold (>0.001) for BA1 (BA1 met). This is a synonymous (silent) variant, and mRNA experimental analysis indicates no impact on splicing or an increase of in-frame naturally occurring splice isoforms with production of wildtype transcripts (PMIDs: 19892845, 22505045, 24607278, 23239986), considered strong evidence against pathogenicity (BP7_Strong (RNA)). Multifactorial likelihood ratio analysis using clinically calibrated data produced a combined LR for this variant of 1.33E-16 (based on Pathology LR=1.33E-16), below the threshold for very strong benign evidence (LR <0.00285) (BP5_Very strong met; ENIGMA internal contributor).In summary, this variant meets the criteria to be classified as a Benign variant for BRCA1-related cancer predisposition based on the ACMG/AMP criteria applied as specified by the ENIGMA BRCA1/2 VCEP (BA1, BP7_Strong (RNA), BP5_Very strong). LINK:https://erepo.genome.network/evrepo/ui/classification/CA003746/MONDO:0011450/092
BRCA1 (HGNC:1100): (BRCA1 DNA repair associated) This gene encodes a 190 kD nuclear phosphoprotein that plays a role in maintaining genomic stability, and it also acts as a tumor suppressor. The BRCA1 gene contains 22 exons spanning about 110 kb of DNA. The encoded protein combines with other tumor suppressors, DNA damage sensors, and signal transducers to form a large multi-subunit protein complex known as the BRCA1-associated genome surveillance complex (BASC). This gene product associates with RNA polymerase II, and through the C-terminal domain, also interacts with histone deacetylase complexes. This protein thus plays a role in transcription, DNA repair of double-stranded breaks, and recombination. Mutations in this gene are responsible for approximately 40% of inherited breast cancers and more than 80% of inherited breast and ovarian cancers. Alternative splicing plays a role in modulating the subcellular localization and physiological function of this gene. Many alternatively spliced transcript variants, some of which are disease-associated mutations, have been described for this gene, but the full-length natures of only some of these variants has been described. A related pseudogene, which is also located on chromosome 17, has been identified. [provided by RefSeq, May 2020]
Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Mass General Brigham Personalized Medicine
Significance: Likely benign
Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method: clinical testing
Variant identified in a genome or exome case(s) and assessed due to predicted null impact of the variant or pathogenic assertions in the literature or databases. Disclaimer: This variant has not undergone full assessment. The following are preliminary notes: ExAC: 0.6% (45/6615) Finnish chromosomes; ClinVar: 7 labs classify as B/LB -
-
Clinical Genetics DNA and cytogenetics Diagnostics Lab, Erasmus MC, Erasmus Medical Center
Significance: Benign
Review Status: no assertion criteria provided
Collection Method: clinical testing
- -
May 21, 2015
Eurofins Ntd Llc (ga)
Significance: Benign
Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method: clinical testing
- -
-
Genome Diagnostics Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht
Significance: Benign
Review Status: no assertion criteria provided
Collection Method: clinical testing
- -
-
Clinical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute
Significance: Benign
Review Status: no assertion criteria provided
Collection Method: clinical testing
- -
Apr 17, 2019
Genetic Services Laboratory, University of Chicago
Significance: Benign
Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method: clinical testing
- -
Jan 31, 2014
Research Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Women's College Hospital, University of Toronto
Significance: Benign
Review Status: no assertion criteria provided
Collection Method: research
- -
Nov 01, 2013
GeneDx
Significance: Benign
Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method: clinical testing
This variant is considered likely benign or benign based on one or more of the following criteria: it is a conservative change, it occurs at a poorly conserved position in the protein, it is predicted to be benign by multiple in silico algorithms, and/or has population frequency not consistent with disease. -
-
Joint Genome Diagnostic Labs from Nijmegen and Maastricht, Radboudumc and MUMC+
Significance: Benign
Review Status: no assertion criteria provided
Collection Method: clinical testing
- -
-
Laboratory of Diagnostic Genome Analysis, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC)
Significance: Benign
Review Status: no assertion criteria provided
Collection Method: clinical testing
- -
Mar 04, 2025
Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital
Significance: Benign
Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method: clinical testing
- -
Breast-ovarian cancer, familial, susceptibility to, 1 Benign:8Other:1
May 28, 2019
Mendelics
Significance: Likely benign
Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method: clinical testing
- -
Nov 03, 2014
Michigan Medical Genetics Laboratories, University of Michigan
Significance: Benign
Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method: clinical testing
- -
-
Breast Cancer Information Core (BIC) (BRCA1)
Significance: not provided
Review Status: no classification provided
Collection Method: clinical testing
- -
Jan 18, 2018
Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina
Significance: Likely benign
Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method: clinical testing
This variant was observed as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. A literature search was performed for the gene, cDNA change, and amino acid change (where applicable). Publications were found based on this search. The evidence from the literature, in combination with allele frequency data from public databases where available, was sufficient to determine this variant is unlikely to cause disease. Therefore, this variant is classified as likely benign. -
Jul 07, 2023
KCCC/NGS Laboratory, Kuwait Cancer Control Center
Significance: Benign
Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method: clinical testing
- -
Mar 15, 2011
Sharing Clinical Reports Project (SCRP)
Significance: Benign
Review Status: no assertion criteria provided
Collection Method: clinical testing
- -
Jan 01, 2019
Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center
Significance: Benign
Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method: clinical testing
- -
Mar 17, 2014
Counsyl
Significance: Likely benign
Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method: literature only
- -
-
Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen
Significance: Benign
Review Status: no assertion criteria provided
Collection Method: clinical testing
- -
Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Benign:4
Jul 08, 2020
Sema4, Sema4
Significance: Benign
Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method: curation
- -
Nov 18, 2014
Ambry Genetics
Significance: Benign
Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method: clinical testing
This alteration is classified as benign based on a combination of the following: seen in unaffected individuals, population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity. -
May 11, 2023
Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health
Significance: Likely benign
Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method: clinical testing
- -
Jul 26, 2017
True Health Diagnostics
Significance: Likely benign
Review Status: no assertion criteria provided
Collection Method: clinical testing
- -
Hereditary breast ovarian cancer syndrome Benign:4
Mar 12, 2024
Institute for Biomarker Research, Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, L.L.C.
Significance: Benign
Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method: clinical testing
- -
Nov 16, 2021
National Health Laboratory Service, Universitas Academic Hospital and University of the Free State
Significance: Likely benign
Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method: clinical testing
- -
Feb 04, 2025
Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp
Significance: Benign
Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method: clinical testing
- -
Nov 01, 2021
Genetics Program, Instituto Nacional de Cancer
Significance: Likely benign
Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method: research
- -
not provided Benign:3
Oct 30, 2023
ARUP Laboratories, Molecular Genetics and Genomics, ARUP Laboratories
Significance: Benign
Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method: clinical testing
- -
May 31, 2017
Mayo Clinic Laboratories, Mayo Clinic
Significance: Likely benign
Review Status: no assertion criteria provided
Collection Method: clinical testing
- -
Dec 01, 2024
CeGaT Center for Human Genetics Tuebingen
Significance: Benign
Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method: clinical testing
BRCA1: BP4, BS1, BS2 -
Breast and/or ovarian cancer Benign:2
Jun 12, 2017
CHEO Genetics Diagnostic Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario
Significance: Benign
Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method: clinical testing
- -
Jun 08, 2012
Foulkes Cancer Genetics LDI, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research
Significance: Benign
Review Status: no assertion criteria provided
Collection Method: clinical testing
- -
BRCA1-related cancer predisposition Benign:1
Jun 11, 2024
ClinGen ENIGMA BRCA1 and BRCA2 Variant Curation Expert Panel, ClinGen
Significance: Benign
Review Status: reviewed by expert panel
Collection Method: curation
The c.591C>T variant in BRCA1 is a synonymous variant (p.Cys197=). The highest non-cancer, non-founder population filter allele frequency in gnomAD v2.1 (exomes only, non-cancer subset, read depth >=20) or gnomAD v3.1 (non-cancer subset, read depth >=20) is 0.001402 in the European (non-Finnish) population, which is above the ENIGMA BRCA1/2 VCEP threshold (>0.001) for BA1 (BA1 met). This is a synonymous (silent) variant, and mRNA experimental analysis indicates no impact on splicing or an increase of in-frame naturally occurring splice isoforms with production of wildtype transcripts (PMIDs: 19892845, 22505045, 24607278, 23239986), considered strong evidence against pathogenicity (BP7_Strong (RNA)). Multifactorial likelihood ratio analysis using clinically calibrated data produced a combined LR for this variant of 1.33E-16 (based on Pathology LR=1.33E-16), below the threshold for very strong benign evidence (LR <0.00285) (BP5_Very strong met; ENIGMA internal contributor). In summary, this variant meets the criteria to be classified as a Benign variant for BRCA1-related cancer predisposition based on the ACMG/AMP criteria applied as specified by the ENIGMA BRCA1/2 VCEP (BA1, BP7_Strong (RNA), BP5_Very strong). -
Malignant tumor of breast Benign:1
-
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System
Significance: Benign
Review Status: no assertion criteria provided
Collection Method: clinical testing
The p.Cys197Cys variant is not expected to have clinical significance because it does not alter an amino acid residue and is not located near a splice junction. It has been previously identified by our laboratory and has been reported as a benign variant. It has also been reported in the literature in 35 out of 5616 proband chromosomes of individuals from families with hereditary breast and ovarian cancers, and was classified as a variant of benign significance or as a polymorphism; it was also found in 6 out of 1964 control chromosomes (Bergthorsson_2001_11389159, Diez_2003_12955716, Dosil_2010_19892845, Ladopoulou_2002_10980541, McKean-Cowdin_2005_15726418, Stegel_2011_21232165, Takahashi_1995_7606717). In addition, this variant is listed in the UMD mutation database as a neutral variant and observed to co-occur with other BRCA1 pathogenic mutations: c.4327C>T (p.Arg1443X), c.5123C>A (p.Ala1708Glu), c.68_69delAG (p.Glu23ValfsX17), c.IVS6-1G>A (c.302-1G>A), increasing the likelihood that the p.Cys179Cysvariant does not have any clinical significance. This variant is listed in the dbSNP database as coming from a "clinical source" (ID#:rs1799965) but no frequency information was provided, and so the prevalence of this variant in the population is not known. In addition, Myriad classifies this variant as a polymorphism (personal communication). In summary, based on the above information, the p.Cys197Cys variant is classified as benign. -
BRCA1-related disorder Benign:1
Aug 19, 2024
PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences
Significance: Benign
Review Status: no assertion criteria provided
Collection Method: clinical testing
This variant is classified as benign based on ACMG/AMP sequence variant interpretation guidelines (Richards et al. 2015 PMID: 25741868, with internal and published modifications). -