chr17-44908075-G-A

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 16 ACMG points: 16P and 0B. PM1PM2PP3_StrongPP5_Very_Strong

The NM_002055.5(GFAP):c.1246C>T(p.Arg416Trp) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000658 in 152,084 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R416Q) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.0000066 ( 0 hom., cov: 33)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0 ( 0 hom. )

Failed GnomAD Quality Control

Consequence

GFAP
NM_002055.5 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:6O:2

Conservation

PhyloP100: 1.40

Publications

50 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

GFAP (HGNC:4235): (glial fibrillary acidic protein) This gene encodes one of the major intermediate filament proteins of mature astrocytes. It is used as a marker to distinguish astrocytes from other glial cells during development. Mutations in this gene cause Alexander disease, a rare disorder of astrocytes in the central nervous system. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]

GFAP Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

Alexander disease
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: ClinGen, Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), G2P
Alexander disease type II
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

GFAP links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 16 ACMG points.

PM1

In a hotspot region, there are 2 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 8 uncertain in NM_002055.5

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

PP3

MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.95

PP5

Variant 17-44908075-G-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr17-44908075-G-A is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 16169.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
GFAP	NM_002055.5 link	c.1246C>T	p.Arg416Trp	missense_variant	Exon 8 of 9	ENST00000588735.3	NP_002046.1
GFAP	NM_001363846.2 link	c.1366C>T	p.Arg456Trp	missense_variant	Exon 9 of 10		NP_001350775.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
GFAP	ENST00000588735.3 link	c.1246C>T	p.Arg416Trp	missense_variant	Exon 8 of 9	1	NM_002055.5	ENSP00000466598.2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.00000658

AC:

AN:

152084

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0000242

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

Data not reliable, filtered out with message: AC0

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

1452982

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00

AC XY:

AN XY:

721924

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

33312

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

44640

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26056

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39524

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

86072

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53394

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5746

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

1104162

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

60076

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.00000658

AC:

AN:

152084

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000135

AC XY:

AN XY:

74282

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000242

AC:

AN:

41402

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

15272

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3470

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5188

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4822

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10604

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

316

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

68008

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2090

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.525

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Alfa

AF:

0.0000251

Hom.:

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:6Other:2

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Alexander disease

Pathogenic:4Other:1

Aug 01, 2006

OMIM

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:literature only

- -

GeneReviews

Significance:not provided

Review Status:no classification provided

Collection Method:literature only

- -

Oct 25, 2017

Institute of Human Genetics Munich, TUM University Hospital

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

May 06, 2021

Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Based on the classification scheme VCGS_Germline_v1.3.4, this variant is classified as Pathogenic. Following criteria are met: 0105 - The mechanism of disease for this gene is not clearly established. Fuctional studies have demonstrated both dominant negative and gain of function are possible mechanisms of disease, where the latter is the more widely accepted mechanism (OMIM, GeneReviews, PMID: 11138011, PMID: 30355500, PMID: 31484723). (I) 0107 - This gene is associated with autosomal dominant disease. (I) 0200 - Variant is predicted to result in a missense amino acid change from arginine to tryptophan. (I) 0251 - This variant is heterozygous. (I) 0302 - Variant is present in gnomAD (v2, v3) <0.001 for a dominant condition (1 heterozygote, 0 homozygotes). (SP) 0309 - An alternative amino acid change at the same position has been observed in gnomAD (v2) (21 heterozygotes, 0 homozygotes). (I) 0501 - Missense variant consistently predicted to be damaging by multiple in silico tools or highly conserved with a major amino acid change. (SP) 0600 - Variant is located in the annotated tail domain (PMID: 31611638). (I) 0801 - This variant has strong previous evidence of pathogenicity in unrelated individuals. This variant has been reported as pathogenic, and shown to be de novo in a patient with Alexander disease (ClinVar). It has also been reported in multiple other patients with infantile-, juvenile- and adult-onset Alexander disease, both familial and sporadic (PMID: 31611638, PMID: 18684770, PMID: 27814755). (SP) 1102 - Strong phenotype match for this individual. (SP) 1208 - Inheritance information for this variant is not currently available in this individual. (I) Legend: (SP) - Supporting pathogenic, (I) - Information, (SB) - Supporting benign -

Nov 08, 2022

Revvity Omics, Revvity

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

not provided

Pathogenic:1Other:1

Epithelial Biology; Institute of Medical Biology, Singapore

Significance:not provided

Review Status:no classification provided

Collection Method:literature only

- -

Dec 09, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change replaces arginine, which is basic and polar, with tryptophan, which is neutral and slightly polar, at codon 416 of the GFAP protein (p.Arg416Trp). This variant is present in population databases (rs121909717, gnomAD 0.01%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with Alexander disease (PMID: 11138011, 27814755). In at least one individual the variant was observed to be de novo. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 16169). Invitae Evidence Modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) has been performed for this missense variant. However, the output from this modeling did not meet the statistical confidence thresholds required to predict the impact of this variant on GFAP protein function. Experimental studies have shown that this missense change affects GFAP function (PMID: 16826512). For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

Inborn genetic diseases

Pathogenic:1

Nov 06, 2019

Ambry Genetics

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Uncertain

0.52

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.51

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.49

CADD

Pathogenic

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

DEOGEN2

Pathogenic

0.84

.;D;.;.;.;.

Eigen

Uncertain

0.48

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.39

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.91

LIST_S2

Pathogenic

0.99

D;D;D;D;D;D

M_CAP

Pathogenic

0.51

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.95

D;D;D;D;D;D

MetaSVM

Pathogenic

1.0

MutationAssessor

Uncertain

2.9

.;M;.;.;.;.

PhyloP100

1.4

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.76

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.93

Polyphen

1.0

.;D;.;.;.;.

MutPred

0.80

Loss of disorder (P = 2e-04);Loss of disorder (P = 2e-04);.;.;.;.;

MVP

1.0

ClinPred

0.99

GERP RS

3.1

PromoterAI

-0.028

Neutral

(source)

Varity_R

0.76

gMVP

0.64

Mutation Taster

=24/76

disease causing (ClinVar)

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

Splicevardb

2.0

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over