chr19-10180385-G-A

Position:

• chr19-10180385-G-A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. Variant got -5 ACMG points: 1P and 6B. PP2 BP4_Moderate BS2

The NM_001130823.3(DNMT1):​c.410C>T​(p.Thr137Met) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000039 in 1,613,678 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 14/21 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. T137R) has been classified as Likely benign.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: 𝑓 0.000020 (0 hom., cov: 31)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.000041 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: DNMT1 NM_001130823.3 missense
• Clinical Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications U:4 B:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: -0.389

Genes affected

DNMT1 (HGNC:2976): (DNA methyltransferase 1) This gene encodes an enzyme that transfers methyl groups to cytosine nucleotides of genomic DNA. This protein is the major enzyme responsible for maintaining methylation patterns following DNA replication and shows a preference for hemi-methylated DNA. Methylation of DNA is an important component of mammalian epigenetic gene regulation. Aberrant methylation patterns are found in human tumors and associated with developmental abnormalities. Variation in this gene has been associated with cerebellar ataxia, deafness, and narcolepsy, and neuropathy, hereditary sensory, type IE. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Likely_benign. Variant got -5 ACMG points.

• PP2: Missense variant in gene, where missense usually causes diseases (based on misZ statistic), DNMT1. . Gene score misZ 4.9903 (greater than the threshold 3.09). Trascript score misZ 7.3302 (greater than threshold 3.09). GenCC has associacion of gene with hereditary sensory neuropathy-deafness-dementia syndrome, autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia, deafness and narcolepsy.
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.08167276).
• BS2: High AC in GnomAdExome4 at 60 AD gene.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
DNMT1	NM_001130823.3	c.410C>T	p.Thr137Met	missense_variant	4/41	ENST00000359526.9
DNMT1	NM_001318730.2	c.410C>T	p.Thr137Met	missense_variant	4/40
DNMT1	NM_001379.4	c.410C>T	p.Thr137Met	missense_variant	4/40
DNMT1	NM_001318731.2	c.47C>T	p.Thr16Met	missense_variant	4/41

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
DNMT1	ENST00000359526.9	c.410C>T	p.Thr137Met	missense_variant	4/41	1	NM_001130823.3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes AF: 0.0000197 AC: 3 AN: 152056 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31

Gnomad AFR AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMI AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR AF: 0.0000656

Gnomad ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN AF: 0.00

Gnomad MID AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE AF: 0.0000294

Gnomad OTH AF: 0.00

GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.0000517 AC: 13 AN: 251226 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.0000663 AC XY: 9 AN XY: 135828

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.0000615

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.0000578

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.0000992

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS exome AF: 0.0000327

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.0000615

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.000163

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.0000411 AC: 60 AN: 1461504 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.0000371 AC XY: 27 AN XY: 727084

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.0000299

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.0000447

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.0000383

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.0000252

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.0000116

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.0000450

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.0000662

GnomAD4 genome AF: 0.0000197 AC: 3 AN: 152174 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.0000134 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 74394

Gnomad4 AFR AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR AF: 0.0000655

Gnomad4 ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE AF: 0.0000294

Gnomad4 OTH AF: 0.00

Alfa AF: 0.0000581 Hom.: 0

Bravo AF: 0.0000416

ESP6500AA AF: 0.00 AC: 0

ESP6500EA AF: 0.000116 AC: 1

ExAC AF: 0.0000330 AC: 4

EpiCase AF: 0.000164

EpiControl AF: 0.000119

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Uncertain:4 Benign:1

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

Submissions by phenotype

not provided Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	CeGaT Center for Human Genetics Tuebingen	Jan 01, 2023	DNMT1: PP2, BP4 -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Eurofins Ntd Llc (ga)	Jul 06, 2018	- -

Hereditary sensory neuropathy-deafness-dementia syndrome Uncertain:1 Benign:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp	Dec 25, 2023	This sequence change replaces threonine, which is neutral and polar, with methionine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 137 of the DNMT1 protein (p.Thr137Met). This variant is present in population databases (rs377146699, gnomAD 0.007%), and has an allele count higher than expected for a pathogenic variant. This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with DNMT1-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 327924). Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function output the following: SIFT: "Not Available"; PolyPhen-2: "Benign"; Align-GVGD: "Not Available". The methionine amino acid residue is found in multiple mammalian species, which suggests that this missense change does not adversely affect protein function. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -
Likely benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina	Apr 28, 2017	This variant was observed as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. A literature search was performed for the gene, cDNA change, and amino acid change (where applicable). No publications were found based on this search. Allele frequency data from public databases allowed determination this variant is unlikely to cause disease. Therefore, this variant is classified as likely benign. -

Inborn genetic diseases Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Ambry Genetics

Jul 26, 2023

The c.410C>T (p.T137M) alteration is located in exon 4 (coding exon 4) of the DNMT1 gene. This alteration results from a C to T substitution at nucleotide position 410, causing the threonine (T) at amino acid position 137 to be replaced by a methionine (M). Based on insufficient or conflicting evidence, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.075
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.43	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.67
CADD	Benign	15
DANN	Uncertain	0.99
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.41	T;.;.;T;T;.;T
Eigen	Benign	-0.43
Eigen_PC	Benign	-0.56
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.034	N
LIST_S2	Benign	0.72	T;T;T;T;T;T;T
M_CAP	Benign	0.047	D
MetaRNN	Benign	0.082	T;T;T;T;T;T;T
MetaSVM	Benign	-1.1	T
MutationAssessor	Benign	0.34	N;N;.;.;.;.;.
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	N;N;N
PrimateAI	Benign	0.25	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-0.58	N;N;.;.;.;.;.
REVEL	Benign	0.054
Sift	Benign	0.048	D;T;.;.;.;.;.
Sift4G	Benign	0.069	T;T;T;T;.;.;.
Polyphen		0.92	P;D;.;.;.;.;.
Vest4		0.089
MVP		0.38
MPC		0.43
ClinPred		0.10	T
GERP RS		-0.73
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.8
Varity_R		0.012
gMVP		0.34

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.010		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs377146699; hg19: chr19-10291061;