chr19-11105549-C-T

Position:

chr19-11105549-C-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. Variant got 8 ACMG points: 8P and 0B. PM1PM2PM5PP3_Moderate

The NM_000527.5(LDLR):c.643C>T(p.Arg215Cys) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000198 in 1,613,154 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R215IHSAG?) has been classified as Likely pathogenic.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000099 ( 0 hom., cov: 33)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000012 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

LDLR
NM_000527.5 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:1U:5

Conservation

PhyloP100: 0.536

Variant links:

Genes affected

LDLR (HGNC:6547): (low density lipoprotein receptor) The low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene family consists of cell surface proteins involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis of specific ligands. The encoded protein is normally bound at the cell membrane, where it binds low density lipoprotein/cholesterol and is taken into the cell. Lysosomes release the cholesterol, which is made available for repression of microsomal enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase, the rate-limiting step in cholesterol synthesis. At the same time, a reciprocal stimulation of cholesterol ester synthesis takes place. Mutations in this gene cause the autosomal dominant disorder, familial hypercholesterolemia. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants.[provided by RefSeq, May 2022]

LDLR links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Likely_pathogenic. Variant got 8 ACMG points.

PM1

In a disulfide_bond (size 18) in uniprot entity LDLR_HUMAN there are 41 pathogenic changes around while only 2 benign (95%) in NM_000527.5

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

PM5

Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr19-11105548-GCG-GATCCACTCAGCTGGC is described in Lovd as [Likely_pathogenic].

PP3

MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.848

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
LDLR	NM_000527.5 linkuse as main transcript	c.643C>T	p.Arg215Cys	missense_variant	4/18	ENST00000558518.6	NP_000518.1	P01130-1A0A024R7D5

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
LDLR	ENST00000558518.6 linkuse as main transcript	c.643C>T	p.Arg215Cys	missense_variant	4/18	1	NM_000527.5	ENSP00000454071.1		P01130-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000986

AC:

AN:

152108

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.000918

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000147

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.0000558

AC:

AN:

250798

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.0000442

AC XY:

AN XY:

135754

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.000318

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.0000546

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.0000176

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000116

AC:

AN:

1461046

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000138

AC XY:

AN XY:

726746

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.000201

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.00000720

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000986

AC:

AN:

152108

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000121

AC XY:

AN XY:

74292

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.000918

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.0000147

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

Alfa

AF:

0.0000540

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000945

ExAC

AF:

0.0000165

AC:

EpiCase

AF:

0.00

EpiControl

AF:

0.0000593

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:1Uncertain:5

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Hypercholesterolemia, familial, 1

Pathogenic:1Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics	Oct 14, 2021	- -
Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided	research	Laboratorium voor Moleculaire Diagnostiek Experimentele Vasculaire Geneeskunde, Academisch Medisch Centrum	-	- -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health	Aug 15, 2023	- -

Familial hypercholesterolemia

Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, no assertion criteria provided	clinical testing	Natera, Inc.	Apr 27, 2020	- -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp	Aug 31, 2021	This sequence change replaces arginine with cysteine at codon 215 of the LDLR protein (p.Arg215Cys). The arginine residue is moderately conserved and there is a large physicochemical difference between arginine and cysteine. This variant is present in population databases (rs764042910, ExAC 0.01%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with hypercholesterolaemia (PMID: 30270359). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 440587). Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function are either unavailable or do not agree on the potential impact of this missense change (SIFT: "Deleterious"; PolyPhen-2: "Probably Damaging"; Align-GVGD: "Class C15"). In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Cardiovascular phenotype

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Ambry Genetics

Dec 03, 2024

The p.R215C variant (also known as c.643C>T), located in coding exon 4 of the LDLR gene, results from a C to T substitution at nucleotide position 643. The arginine at codon 215 is replaced by cysteine, an amino acid with highly dissimilar properties. This variant was identified in one or more individuals with features consistent with familial hypercholesterolemia and segregated with disease in at least one family (Alver M et al. Genet Med, 2019 May;21:1173-1180). This amino acid position is poorly conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, the in silico prediction for this alteration is inconclusive. Based on the available evidence, the clinical significance of this variant remains unclear. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Pathogenic

0.65

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

0.0063

BayesDel_noAF

Uncertain

0.070

CADD

Uncertain

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

DEOGEN2

Pathogenic

0.94

D;.;.;.

Eigen

Uncertain

0.22

Eigen_PC

Benign

0.00050

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.77

LIST_S2

Uncertain

0.97

D;D;D;D

M_CAP

Pathogenic

0.69

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.85

D;D;D;D

MetaSVM

Pathogenic

0.89

MutationAssessor

Pathogenic

3.6

H;.;.;H

PrimateAI

Benign

0.22

PROVEAN

Pathogenic

-5.6

D;D;D;D

REVEL

Uncertain

0.60

Sift

Uncertain

0.0050

D;D;D;D

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.015

D;D;D;D

Polyphen

1.0

D;.;.;.

Vest4

0.37

MutPred

0.53

Gain of catalytic residue at W214 (P = 0.1007);Gain of catalytic residue at W214 (P = 0.1007);.;Gain of catalytic residue at W214 (P = 0.1007);

MVP

1.0

MPC

0.93

ClinPred

0.99

GERP RS

2.0

RBP_binding_hub_radar

0.0

RBP_regulation_power_radar

1.1

Varity_R

0.63

gMVP

0.93

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over