chr19-12893545-G-A

Variant names:

• chr19-12893545-G-A
• rs746388510
• NM_000159.4:c.397G>A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PM5 PP3_Strong PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000159.4(GCDH):​c.397G>A​(p.Val133Met) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000205 in 1,461,698 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. V133L) has been classified as Likely pathogenic.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 31)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000021 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: GCDH NM_000159.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:3 U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 6.33
• Publications: 1 publications found

Genes affected

GCDH (HGNC:4189): (glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase) The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family. It catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of glutaryl-CoA to crotonyl-CoA and CO(2) in the degradative pathway of L-lysine, L-hydroxylysine, and L-tryptophan metabolism. It uses electron transfer flavoprotein as its electron acceptor. The enzyme exists in the mitochondrial matrix as a homotetramer of 45-kD subunits. Mutations in this gene result in the metabolic disorder glutaric aciduria type 1, which is also known as glutaric acidemia type I. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. A related pseudogene has been identified on chromosome 12. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2013]

GCDH Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, MODERATE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: ClinGen, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Genomics England PanelApp, Orphanet, G2P, Myriad Women’s Health

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 18 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 7 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 6 uncertain in NM_000159.4
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr19-12893546-T-G is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 1480998.Status of the report is criteria_provided_single_submitter, 1 stars.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.967
• PP5: Variant 19-12893545-G-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr19-12893545-G-A is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 459951.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
GCDH	NM_000159.4	c.397G>A	p.Val133Met	missense_variant	Exon 6 of 12	ENST00000222214.10	NP_000150.1
GCDH	NM_013976.5	c.397G>A	p.Val133Met	missense_variant	Exon 6 of 12		NP_039663.1
GCDH	NR_102316.1	n.560G>A		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	Exon 6 of 12
GCDH	NR_102317.1	n.813G>A		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	Exon 5 of 11

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
GCDH	ENST00000222214.10	c.397G>A	p.Val133Met	missense_variant	Exon 6 of 12	1	NM_000159.4	ENSP00000222214.4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 31

GnomAD2 exomes AF: 0.00000398 AC: 1 AN: 251458 AF XY: 0.00

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.0000615

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000205 AC: 3 AN: 1461698 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.00000138 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 727160

African (AFR) AF: 0.0000896 AC: 3 AN: 33480

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26136

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39696

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 86256

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 53418

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 1111828

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 60392

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 31

Alfa AF: 0.00 Hom.: 0

Bravo AF: 0.00000378

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:3 Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Glutaric aciduria, type 1 Pathogenic:3 Uncertain:1

Sep 16, 2020

Natera, Inc.

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Jun 26, 2025

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Variant summary: GCDH c.397G>A (p.Val133Met) results in a conservative amino acid change located in the Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase/oxidase, N-terminal domain (IPR013786) of the encoded protein sequence. Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function are either unavailable or do not agree on the potential impact of this missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 4e-06 in 251458 control chromosomes. c.397G>A has been observed in individual(s) affected with Glutaric Acidemia Type 1 (e.g. Zschocke_2000, Adhikari_2020, internal data). These data indicate that the variant is likely to be associated with disease. To our knowledge, no experimental evidence demonstrating an impact on protein function has been reported. The following publications have been ascertained in the context of this evaluation (PMID: 32778825, 19433437, 10699052). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 459951). Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as likely pathogenic. -

Nov 05, 2023

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces valine, which is neutral and non-polar, with methionine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 133 of the GCDH protein (p.Val133Met). This variant is present in population databases (no rsID available, gnomAD 0.007%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with glutaric aciduria type 1 (GA1) and (PMID: 10699052; Invitae). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 459951). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt GCDH protein function with a positive predictive value of 80%. This variant disrupts the p.Val133 amino acid residue in GCDH. Other variant(s) that disrupt this residue have been determined to be pathogenic (PMID: 27397597; Invitae). This suggests that this residue is clinically significant, and that variants that disrupt this residue are likely to be disease-causing. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

May 29, 2024

Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Uncertain	0.45
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.42	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.55
CADD	Pathogenic	26
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.98	D;.;D;D
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.73
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.61
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.99	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.99	.;D;D;D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.90	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.97	D;D;D;D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	0.96	D
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	4.4	H;.;H;.
PhyloP100		6.3
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.65	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-2.8	D;.;.;.
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.96
Sift	Pathogenic	0.0	D;.;.;.
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.020	D;D;D;D
Polyphen		1.0	D;.;D;.
Vest4		0.90
MutPred		0.82		Gain of disorder (P = 0.0686);.;Gain of disorder (P = 0.0686);.;
MVP		0.99
MPC		1.1
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		4.2
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.7
Varity_R		0.88
gMVP		0.86
Mutation Taster		=1/99	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs746388510; hg19: chr19-13004359;