chr19-50409188-G-C

Variant names:

• chr19-50409188-G-C
• rs1443432312
• NM_002691.4:c.1959G>C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 1 ACMG points: 2P and 1B. PM2 BP6

The NM_002691.4(POLD1):​c.1959G>C​(p.Lys653Asn) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000137 in 1,461,452 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Another nucleotide change resulting in the same amino acid substitution has been previously reported as Uncertain significance in ClinVar. Synonymous variant affecting the same amino acid position (i.e. K653K) has been classified as Likely benign.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000014 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: POLD1 NM_002691.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications U:2 B:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 0.683
• Publications: 1 publications found

Genes affected

POLD1 (HGNC:9175): (DNA polymerase delta 1, catalytic subunit) This gene encodes the 125-kDa catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase delta. DNA polymerase delta possesses both polymerase and 3' to 5' exonuclease activity and plays a critical role in DNA replication and repair. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed for this gene, and a pseudogene of this gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 6. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2012]

POLD1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• mandibular hypoplasia-deafness-progeroid syndrome

  Inheritance: AD, AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE, LIMITED Submitted by: G2P, Orphanet, Ambry Genetics, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), ClinGen, Genomics England PanelApp
• POLD1-related polyposis and colorectal cancer syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, 10

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG, MODERATE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Genomics England PanelApp
• Polymerase proofreading-related adenomatous polyposis

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• immunodeficiency 120

  Inheritance: AR Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
• non-severe combined immunodeficiency due to polymerase delta deficiency

  Inheritance: AR Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: ClinGen

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 1 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• BP6: Variant 19-50409188-G-C is Benign according to our data. Variant chr19-50409188-G-C is described in ClinVar as Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity. ClinVar VariationId is 469229.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_002691.4. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	POLD1	NM_002691.4	MANE Select	c.1959G>C	p.Lys653Asn	missense	Exon 16 of 27	NP_002682.2	P28340
	POLD1	NM_001308632.1		c.2037G>C	p.Lys679Asn	missense	Exon 15 of 26	NP_001295561.1	M0R2B7
	POLD1	NM_001256849.1		c.1959G>C	p.Lys653Asn	missense	Exon 16 of 27	NP_001243778.1	P28340

Ensembl Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	POLD1	ENST00000440232.7	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.1959G>C	p.Lys653Asn	missense	Exon 16 of 27	ENSP00000406046.1	P28340
	POLD1	ENST00000595904.6	TSL:1	c.2037G>C	p.Lys679Asn	missense	Exon 16 of 27	ENSP00000472445.1	M0R2B7
	POLD1	ENST00000599857.7	TSL:1	c.1959G>C	p.Lys653Asn	missense	Exon 16 of 27	ENSP00000473052.1	P28340

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD2 exomes AF: 0.00000398 AC: 1 AN: 251050 AF XY: 0.00

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00000881

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000137 AC: 2 AN: 1461452 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.00000138 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 727076

⚠️ The allele balance in gnomAD version 4 Exomes is significantly skewed from the expected value of 0.5.

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33478

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 44716

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26130

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39700

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 86248

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 53260

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00000180 AC: 2 AN: 1111762

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 60390

⚠️ The allele balance in gnomAD4 Exomes is highly skewed from 0.5 (p-value = 0.0296732), which strongly suggests a high chance of mosaicism in these individuals.

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

Alfa AF: 0.0000254 Hom.: 0

ClinVar

ClinVar submissions

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

Pathogenic	VUS	Benign	Condition
-	1	-	Colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, 10 (1)
-	-	1	Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome (1)
-	1	-	not provided (1)

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.81
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.098	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.38
CADD	Benign	21
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.34	T
Eigen	Benign	0.14
Eigen_PC	Benign	0.071
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.87	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.97	D
M_CAP	Benign	0.049	D
MetaRNN	Uncertain	0.65	D
MetaSVM	Benign	-1.0	T
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	4.1	H
PhyloP100		0.68
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.68	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-4.1	D
REVEL	Benign	0.19
Sift	Uncertain	0.0020	D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.0050	D
Polyphen		0.60	P
Vest4		0.66
MutPred		0.55		Loss of ubiquitination at K653 (P = 0.0218)
MVP		0.58
MPC		1.0
ClinPred		0.99	D
GERP RS		0.49
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.8
Varity_R		0.68
gMVP		0.79
Mutation Taster		=48/52	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.010		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1443432312; hg19: chr19-50912445;