chr2-170816965-G-A

Variant names:

• chr2-170816965-G-A
• rs3749034
• NM_000817.3:c.-147G>A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Benign. The variant received -18 ACMG points: 0P and 18B. BP4_Moderate BP6_Very_Strong BA1

The NM_000817.3(GAD1):​c.-147G>A variant causes a 5 prime UTR change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.187 in 195,752 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, including 4,099 homozygotes. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Benign (★★).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: 𝑓 0.18 (2949 hom., cov: 31)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.22 (1150 hom.)
• Consequence: GAD1 NM_000817.3 5_prime_UTR
• Clinical Significance: Benign criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts B:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 0.250
• Publications: 53 publications found

Genes affected

GAD1 (HGNC:4092): (glutamate decarboxylase 1) This gene encodes one of several forms of glutamic acid decarboxylase, identified as a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes. The enzyme encoded is responsible for catalyzing the production of gamma-aminobutyric acid from L-glutamic acid. A pathogenic role for this enzyme has been identified in the human pancreas since it has been identified as an autoantigen and an autoreactive T cell target in insulin-dependent diabetes. This gene may also play a role in the stiff man syndrome. Deficiency in this enzyme has been shown to lead to pyridoxine dependency with seizures. Alternative splicing of this gene results in two products, the predominant 67-kD form and a less-frequent 25-kD form. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ERICH2-DT (HGNC:55686): (ERICH2 divergent transcript)

GAD1-AS1 (HGNC:40250):

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Benign. The variant received -18 ACMG points.

• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (BayesDel_noAF=-0.43).
• BP6: Variant 2-170816965-G-A is Benign according to our data. Variant chr2-170816965-G-A is described in ClinVar as Benign. ClinVar VariationId is 332221.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.
• BA1: GnomAd4 highest subpopulation (EAS) allele frequency at 95% confidence interval = 0.275 is higher than 0.05.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_000817.3. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	GAD1	NM_000817.3	MANE Select	c.-147G>A		5_prime_UTR	Exon 1 of 17	NP_000808.2	Q99259-1
	GAD1	NM_013445.4		c.-151G>A		5_prime_UTR	Exon 1 of 7	NP_038473.2
	GAD1-AS1	NR_197761.1		n.532C>T		non_coding_transcript_exon	Exon 3 of 4

Ensembl Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	GAD1	ENST00000358196.8	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.-147G>A		5_prime_UTR	Exon 1 of 17	ENSP00000350928.3	Q99259-1
	GAD1	ENST00000375272.5	TSL:1	c.-151G>A		5_prime_UTR	Exon 1 of 7	ENSP00000364421.1	Q99259-3
	GAD1	ENST00000625689.2	TSL:5	c.-147G>A		5_prime_UTR	Exon 1 of 18	ENSP00000486612.1	Q99259-4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes AF: 0.178 AC: 27101 AN: 152094 Hom.: 2949 Cov.: 31

Gnomad AFR AF: 0.0443

Gnomad AMI AF: 0.219

Gnomad AMR AF: 0.189

Gnomad ASJ AF: 0.260

Gnomad EAS AF: 0.287

Gnomad SAS AF: 0.227

Gnomad FIN AF: 0.256

Gnomad MID AF: 0.266

Gnomad NFE AF: 0.228

Gnomad OTH AF: 0.188

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.220 AC: 9592 AN: 43540 Hom.: 1150 Cov.: 0 AF XY: 0.225 AC XY: 5114 AN XY: 22748

African (AFR) AF: 0.0543 AC: 57 AN: 1050

American (AMR) AF: 0.195 AC: 198 AN: 1016

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.262 AC: 340 AN: 1298

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.279 AC: 1232 AN: 4416

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.214 AC: 83 AN: 388

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.245 AC: 1254 AN: 5126

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.204 AC: 42 AN: 206

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.214 AC: 5910 AN: 27566

Other (OTH) AF: 0.192 AC: 476 AN: 2474

GnomAD4 genome AF: 0.178 AC: 27099 AN: 152212 Hom.: 2949 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.182 AC XY: 13515 AN XY: 74416

African (AFR) AF: 0.0442 AC: 1837 AN: 41572

American (AMR) AF: 0.189 AC: 2898 AN: 15298

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.260 AC: 902 AN: 3472

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.287 AC: 1479 AN: 5152

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.225 AC: 1084 AN: 4818

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.256 AC: 2714 AN: 10596

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.272 AC: 80 AN: 294

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.228 AC: 15508 AN: 67994

Other (OTH) AF: 0.189 AC: 398 AN: 2106

Alfa AF: 0.210 Hom.: 6107

Bravo AF: 0.167

Asia WGS AF: 0.217 AC: 755 AN: 3476

ClinVar

ClinVar submissions

Significance: Benign

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Pathogenic	VUS	Benign	Condition
-	-	1	Neurodevelopmental disorder with progressive spasticity and brain white matter abnormalities (1)
-	-	1	not provided (1)

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.43
CADD	Benign	15
DANN	Benign	0.94
PhyloP100		0.25
PromoterAI		-0.50	Neutral
Mutation Taster		=294/6	polymorphism (auto)

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs3749034; hg19: chr2-171673475;