chr2-178528527-C-T

Variant names:

• chr2-178528527-C-T
• rs876658102
• NM_001267550.2:c.107223+1G>A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 11 ACMG points: 11P and 0B. PVS1 PM2 PP5

The NM_001267550.2(TTN):​c.107223+1G>A variant causes a splice donor, intron change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000069 in 1,449,896 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. 3/3 splice prediction tools predicting alterations to normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 6.9e-7 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: TTN NM_001267550.2 splice_donor, intron
• Scores: Splicing: ADA: 1.000
• Clinical Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications P:1 U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.38
• Publications: 0 publications found

Genes affected

TTN (HGNC:12403): (titin) This gene encodes a large abundant protein of striated muscle. The product of this gene is divided into two regions, a N-terminal I-band and a C-terminal A-band. The I-band, which is the elastic part of the molecule, contains two regions of tandem immunoglobulin domains on either side of a PEVK region that is rich in proline, glutamate, valine and lysine. The A-band, which is thought to act as a protein-ruler, contains a mixture of immunoglobulin and fibronectin repeats, and possesses kinase activity. An N-terminal Z-disc region and a C-terminal M-line region bind to the Z-line and M-line of the sarcomere, respectively, so that a single titin molecule spans half the length of a sarcomere. Titin also contains binding sites for muscle associated proteins so it serves as an adhesion template for the assembly of contractile machinery in muscle cells. It has also been identified as a structural protein for chromosomes. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. Considerable variability exists in the I-band, the M-line and the Z-disc regions of titin. Variability in the I-band region contributes to the differences in elasticity of different titin isoforms and, therefore, to the differences in elasticity of different muscle types. Mutations in this gene are associated with familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 9, and autoantibodies to titin are produced in patients with the autoimmune disease scleroderma. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2012]

TTN-AS1 (HGNC:44124): (TTN antisense RNA 1) This gene encodes a non-coding RNA transcribed from the opposite strand to the titin gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2016]

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 11 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Splicing +-2 bp (donor or acceptor) variant, LoF is a know mechanism of disease, No cryptic splice site detected. Exon removal results in frameshift change.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant 2-178528527-C-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr2-178528527-C-T is described in ClinVar as Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity. ClinVar VariationId is 229574.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_001267550.2. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	TTN	NM_001267550.2	MANE Select	c.107223+1G>A		splice_donor intron	N/A	NP_001254479.2
	TTN	NM_001256850.1		c.102300+1G>A		splice_donor intron	N/A	NP_001243779.1
	TTN	NM_133378.4		c.99519+1G>A		splice_donor intron	N/A	NP_596869.4

Ensembl Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	TTN	ENST00000589042.5	TSL:5 MANE Select	c.107223+1G>A		splice_donor intron	N/A	ENSP00000467141.1
	TTN	ENST00000446966.2	TSL:1	c.107067+1G>A		splice_donor intron	N/A	ENSP00000408004.2
	TTN	ENST00000436599.2	TSL:1	c.106947+1G>A		splice_donor intron	N/A	ENSP00000405517.2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome AF: 6.90e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1449896 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 719802

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 32894

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 43404

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 25710

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39488

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 84824

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 52976

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5706

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 9.05e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1105056

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 59838

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ClinVar

ClinVar submissions as Germline

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

Pathogenic	VUS	Benign	Condition
1	-	-	Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2J;C1858763:Dilated cardiomyopathy 1G (1)
-	1	-	not specified (1)

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.44	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.40
CADD	Pathogenic	29
DANN	Uncertain	0.99
Eigen	Pathogenic	1.2
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	1.0
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.98	D
PhyloP100		7.4
GERP RS		5.6
Mutation Taster		=0/100	disease causing (ClinVar)

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
dbscSNV1_ADA	Pathogenic	1.0
dbscSNV1_RF	Pathogenic	0.93
SpliceAI score (max)		0.91		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2
DS_DL_spliceai		0.91		Position offset: 1

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs876658102; hg19: chr2-179393254;