chr2-178530386-G-C

Position:

• chr2-178530386-G-C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 1 ACMG points: 3P and 2B. PM2 PP2 BP4_Moderate

The NM_001267550.2(TTN):​c.106229C>G​(p.Pro35410Arg) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 15/19 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★). Synonymous variant affecting the same amino acid position (i.e. P35410P) has been classified as Likely benign.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: TTN NM_001267550.2 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 3.42

Genes affected

TTN (HGNC:12403): (titin) This gene encodes a large abundant protein of striated muscle. The product of this gene is divided into two regions, a N-terminal I-band and a C-terminal A-band. The I-band, which is the elastic part of the molecule, contains two regions of tandem immunoglobulin domains on either side of a PEVK region that is rich in proline, glutamate, valine and lysine. The A-band, which is thought to act as a protein-ruler, contains a mixture of immunoglobulin and fibronectin repeats, and possesses kinase activity. An N-terminal Z-disc region and a C-terminal M-line region bind to the Z-line and M-line of the sarcomere, respectively, so that a single titin molecule spans half the length of a sarcomere. Titin also contains binding sites for muscle associated proteins so it serves as an adhesion template for the assembly of contractile machinery in muscle cells. It has also been identified as a structural protein for chromosomes. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. Considerable variability exists in the I-band, the M-line and the Z-disc regions of titin. Variability in the I-band region contributes to the differences in elasticity of different titin isoforms and, therefore, to the differences in elasticity of different muscle types. Mutations in this gene are associated with familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 9, and autoantibodies to titin are produced in patients with the autoimmune disease scleroderma. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2012]

TTN-AS1 (HGNC:44124): (TTN antisense RNA 1) This gene encodes a non-coding RNA transcribed from the opposite strand to the titin gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2016]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 1 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP2: Missense variant in gene, where missense usually causes diseases (based on misZ statistic), TTN. . Gene score misZ -1.1021 (greater than the threshold 3.09). Trascript score misZ 6.9794 (greater than threshold 3.09). GenCC has associacion of gene with dilated cardiomyopathy, tibial muscular dystrophy, early-onset myopathy with fatal cardiomyopathy, autosomal recessive centronuclear myopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 9, TTN-related myopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy 1G, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, myopathy, myofibrillar, 9, with early respiratory failure, familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy, childhood-onset progressive contractures-limb-girdle weakness-muscle dystrophy syndrome, autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2J.
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.08208221).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
TTN	NM_001267550.2	c.106229C>G	p.Pro35410Arg	missense_variant	358/363	ENST00000589042.5
TTN-AS1	NR_038272.1	n.220-5346G>C		intron_variant, non_coding_transcript_variant

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
TTN	ENST00000589042.5	c.106229C>G	p.Pro35410Arg	missense_variant	358/363	5	NM_001267550.2	P1
TTN-AS1	ENST00000659121.1	n.416+6750G>C		intron_variant, non_coding_transcript_variant

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2J;C1858763:Dilated cardiomyopathy 1G Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Invitae

Feb 13, 2017

This sequence change replaces proline with arginine at codon 35410 of the TTN protein (p.Pro35410Arg). The proline residue is conserved and there is a moderate physicochemical difference between proline and arginine. In summary, this variant is a novel missense change with unknown impact on protein function. Missense variants in this region of the TTN gene are typically not causative for cardiac disease, but may be relevant for neuromuscular disorders. However, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine this variant’s role in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function are unavailable for the TTN gene. This variant is not present in population databases (ExAC no frequency) and has not been reported in the literature in individuals with a TTN-related disease. This variant identified in the TTN gene is located in the M band of the resulting protein (PMID: 25589632). It is unclear how this variant impacts the function of this protein. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.13
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.11	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.40
CADD	Benign	15
DANN	Benign	0.66
Eigen	Benign	-0.63
Eigen_PC	Benign	-0.54
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.64	D
LIST_S2	Benign	0.75	T;T;T;.;T;T;T
M_CAP	Benign	0.0088	T
MetaRNN	Benign	0.082	T;T;T;T;T;T;T
MetaSVM	Benign	-1.0	T
MutationAssessor	Benign	0.0	.;.;.;N;.;.;N
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	N;N;N;N;N;N
PrimateAI	Benign	0.31	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-4.0	D;D;.;.;D;D;.
REVEL	Benign	0.054
Sift	Uncertain	0.020	.;D;.;.;D;D;.
Polyphen		0.0050	.;.;.;B;.;.;B
Vest4		0.19
MutPred		0.19		.;.;.;Gain of MoRF binding (P = 0.0115);.;.;Gain of MoRF binding (P = 0.0115);
MVP		0.32
MPC		0.090
ClinPred		0.19	T
GERP RS		2.1

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1553483445; hg19: chr2-179395113;