chr2-25244322-A-G

Variant names:

• chr2-25244322-A-G
• rs1057520788
• NM_022552.5:c.1684T>C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 11 ACMG points: 11P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PM5 PP3_Strong PP5

The NM_022552.5(DNMT3A):​c.1684T>C​(p.Cys562Arg) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. C562G) has been classified as Pathogenic.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: DNMT3A NM_022552.5 missense
• Clinical Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications P:1 U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 9.28
• Publications: 1 publications found

Genes affected

DNMT3A (HGNC:2978): (DNA methyltransferase 3 alpha) CpG methylation is an epigenetic modification that is important for embryonic development, imprinting, and X-chromosome inactivation. Studies in mice have demonstrated that DNA methylation is required for mammalian development. This gene encodes a DNA methyltransferase that is thought to function in de novo methylation, rather than maintenance methylation. The protein localizes to the cytoplasm and nucleus and its expression is developmentally regulated. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2016]

DNMT3A Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• Tatton-Brown-Rahman overgrowth syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Illumina, Ambry Genetics, ClinGen, G2P, Orphanet, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• Heyn-Sproul-Jackson syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG, MODERATE, LIMITED Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, ClinGen, G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 11 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 4 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 6 uncertain in NM_022552.5
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr2-25244322-A-C is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 3064273.Status of the report is criteria_provided_single_submitter, 1 stars.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.991
• PP5: Variant 2-25244322-A-G is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr2-25244322-A-G is described in ClinVar as Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity. ClinVar VariationId is 379924.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
DNMT3A	NM_022552.5	c.1684T>C	p.Cys562Arg	missense_variant	Exon 15 of 23	ENST00000321117.10	NP_072046.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
DNMT3A	ENST00000321117.10	c.1684T>C	p.Cys562Arg	missense_variant	Exon 15 of 23	1	NM_022552.5	ENSP00000324375.5

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 34

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:1 Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

Submissions by phenotype

not provided Pathogenic:1

Oct 05, 2016

GeneDx

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The C562R variant in the DNMT3A gene has not been published as a pathogenic variant, nor has it been reported as a benign variant to our knowledge. The C562R variant was not observed in approximately 6,500 individuals of European and African American ancestry in the NHLBI Exome Sequencing Project, indicating it is not a common benign variant in these populations. The C562R variant is a non-conservative amino acid substitution, which is likely to impact secondary protein structure as these residues differ in polarity, charge, size and/or other properties. This substitution occurs at a position that is conserved across species, and in silico analysis predicts this variant is probably damaging to the protein structure/function. We interpret C562R as likely pathogenic variant. -

Tatton-Brown-Rahman overgrowth syndrome Uncertain:1

Apr 03, 2019

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function are either unavailable or do not agree on the potential impact of this missense change (SIFT: "Deleterious"; PolyPhen-2: "Probably Damaging"; Align-GVGD: "Class C0"). This variant has been observed in an individual with clinical features of Tatton-Brown-Rahman syndrome (PMID: 29900417). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 379924). This variant is not present in population databases (ExAC no frequency). This sequence change replaces cysteine with arginine at codon 562 of the DNMT3A protein (p.Cys562Arg). The cysteine residue is highly conserved and there is a large physicochemical difference between cysteine and arginine. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	1.0
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.56	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.57
CADD	Pathogenic	32
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.93	D;.;D;T
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.87
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.84
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	1.0	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.98	.;D;D;D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.87	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.99	D;D;D;D
MetaSVM	Uncertain	0.74	D
MutationAssessor	Uncertain	2.6	M;.;M;.
PhyloP100		9.3
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.96	D
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-12	D;D;D;D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.96
Sift	Pathogenic	0.0	D;D;D;D
Sift4G	Pathogenic	0.0010	D;D;D;D
Polyphen		1.0	D;.;D;.
Vest4		0.97
MutPred		0.92		Gain of helix (P = 0.132);.;Gain of helix (P = 0.132);.;
MVP		0.80
MPC		2.7
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		5.5
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.1
Varity_R		0.99
gMVP		0.98
Mutation Taster		=1/99	disease causing (ClinVar)

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1057520788; hg19: chr2-25467191;