chr2-47478289-C-G

Position:

• chr2-47478289-C-G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1 PM2 PP5_Very_Strong

The ENST00000233146.7(MSH2):​c.2228C>G​(p.Ser743*) variant causes a stop gained change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★★). Synonymous variant affecting the same amino acid position (i.e. S743S) has been classified as Likely benign. Variant results in nonsense mediated mRNA decay.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 31)
• Consequence: MSH2 ENST00000233146.7 stop_gained
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic reviewed by expert panel P:9
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.35

Genes affected

MSH2 (HGNC:7325): (mutS homolog 2) This locus is frequently mutated in hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC). When cloned, it was discovered to be a human homolog of the E. coli mismatch repair gene mutS, consistent with the characteristic alterations in microsatellite sequences (RER+ phenotype) found in HNPCC. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2012]

MSH2 (HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Loss of function variant, product undergoes nonsense mediated mRNA decay. LoF is a known mechanism of disease.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant 2-47478289-C-G is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr2-47478289-C-G is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 90933.Status of the report is reviewed_by_expert_panel, 3 stars. Variant chr2-47478289-C-G is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
MSH2	NM_000251.3	c.2228C>G	p.Ser743*	stop_gained	14/16	ENST00000233146.7	NP_000242.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
MSH2	ENST00000233146.7	c.2228C>G	p.Ser743*	stop_gained	14/16	1	NM_000251.3	ENSP00000233146.2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 31

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 31

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:9

Revision: reviewed by expert panel

Submissions by phenotype

Lynch syndrome 1 Pathogenic:3

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Myriad Genetics, Inc.	Aug 08, 2023	This variant is considered pathogenic. This variant creates a termination codon and is predicted to result in premature protein truncation. -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	research	HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology	Sep 11, 2018	- -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Neuberg Centre For Genomic Medicine, NCGM	-	The stop gained p.S743* in MSH2 (NM_000251.3) has been reported previously in an affected patient (Mangold E et al).This variant has been submitted to ClinVar as Pathogenic. The p.S743* variant is novel (not in any individuals) in gnomAD Exomes and is novel (not in any individuals) in 1000 Genomes. This variant is predicted to cause loss of normal protein function through protein truncation.Loss of function variants have been reported to be disease causing. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

not provided Pathogenic:2

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	GeneDx	Dec 09, 2023	Nonsense variant predicted to result in protein truncation and nonsense mediated decay in a gene for which loss of function is a known mechanism of disease; Truncating variants in this gene are considered pathogenic by a well-established clinical consortium and/or database; Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 29345684, 34039291, 25525159, 28491141, 31615790, 34178123, 15235030, 15849733, 24362816) -
Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided	clinical testing	Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System	-	- -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Pathogenic:2

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Ambry Genetics	Mar 07, 2023	The p.S743* pathogenic mutation (also known as c.2228C>G), located in coding exon 14 of the MSH2 gene, results from a C to G substitution at nucleotide position 2228. This changes the amino acid from a serine to a stop codon within coding exon 14. This mutation has been identified in an individual diagnosed with a colon carcinoma and a sebaceous carcinoma in their early 60's (Mangold E et al. J. Med. Genet., 2004 Jul;41:567-72). In addition to the clinical data presented in the literature, this alteration is expected to result in loss of function by premature protein truncation or nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. As such, this alteration is interpreted as a disease-causing mutation. -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health	Mar 14, 2022	This variant changes 1 nucleotide in exon 14 of the MSH2 gene, creating a premature translation stop signal. This variant is expected to result in an absent or non-functional protein product. This variant has been reported in individuals affected with Lynch syndrome (PMID: 15235030, 15786548, 19324997, 27064304). This variant has not been identified in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). Loss of MSH2 function is a known mechanism of disease (clinicalgenome.org). Based on the available evidence, this variant is classified as Pathogenic. -

Lynch syndrome Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, reviewed by expert panel

research

International Society for Gastrointestinal Hereditary Tumours (InSiGHT)

Sep 05, 2013

Coding sequence variation introducing premature termination codon -

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal neoplasms Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Jan 11, 2024

This sequence change creates a premature translational stop signal (p.Ser743*) in the MSH2 gene. It is expected to result in an absent or disrupted protein product. Loss-of-function variants in MSH2 are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 15849733, 24362816). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This premature translational stop signal has been observed in individual(s) with Muir-Torre syndrome (PMID: 15235030). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 90933). For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.63	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.66
CADD	Pathogenic	47
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
Eigen	Pathogenic	1.1
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.98
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.99	D
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	A;A;A
Vest4		0.97
GERP RS		5.1
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.0

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs63751155; hg19: chr2-47705428;