chr2-47480740-A-G

Variant names:

• chr2-47480740-A-G
• rs41295296
• NM_000251.3:c.2503A>G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. The variant received -3 ACMG points: 0P and 3B. BP4_Moderate BP6

The NM_000251.3(MSH2):​c.2503A>G​(p.Asn835Asp) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000496 in 1,614,020 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. N835I) has been classified as Likely benign.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: 𝑓 0.0000066 (0 hom., cov: 31)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000048 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: MSH2 NM_000251.3 missense
• Clinical Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications U:6 B:3
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 4.40
• Publications: 14 publications found

Genes affected

MSH2 (HGNC:7325): (mutS homolog 2) This locus is frequently mutated in hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC). When cloned, it was discovered to be a human homolog of the E. coli mismatch repair gene mutS, consistent with the characteristic alterations in microsatellite sequences (RER+ phenotype) found in HNPCC. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2012]

MSH2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• Lynch syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: G2P, ClinGen, Orphanet
• Lynch syndrome 1

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Genomics England PanelApp, Ambry Genetics
• Muir-Torre syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Orphanet, G2P
• mismatch repair cancer syndrome 1

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: ClinGen, Orphanet
• mismatch repair cancer syndrome 2

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), G2P
• ovarian cancer

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
• malignant pancreatic neoplasm

  Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
• prostate cancer

  Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
• rhabdomyosarcoma

  Inheritance: AR Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
• breast cancer

  Inheritance: AD Classification: NO_KNOWN Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
• hereditary breast carcinoma

  Inheritance: AD Classification: NO_KNOWN Submitted by: ClinGen

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Likely_benign. The variant received -3 ACMG points.

• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.24023518).
• BP6: Variant 2-47480740-A-G is Benign according to our data. Variant chr2-47480740-A-G is described in ClinVar as Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity. ClinVar VariationId is 141585.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_000251.3. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	MSH2	NM_000251.3	MANE Select	c.2503A>G	p.Asn835Asp	missense	Exon 15 of 16	NP_000242.1
	MSH2	NM_001406674.1		c.2503A>G	p.Asn835Asp	missense	Exon 15 of 18	NP_001393603.1
	MSH2	NM_001406631.1		c.2503A>G	p.Asn835Asp	missense	Exon 15 of 18	NP_001393560.1

Ensembl Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	MSH2	ENST00000233146.7	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.2503A>G	p.Asn835Asp	missense	Exon 15 of 16	ENSP00000233146.2
	MSH2	ENST00000406134.5	TSL:1	c.2503A>G	p.Asn835Asp	missense	Exon 15 of 16	ENSP00000384199.1
	MSH2	ENST00000645506.1		c.2503A>G	p.Asn835Asp	missense	Exon 15 of 17	ENSP00000495455.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes AF: 0.00000657 AC: 1 AN: 152202 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31

Gnomad AFR AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMI AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN AF: 0.00

Gnomad MID AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE AF: 0.0000147

Gnomad OTH AF: 0.00

GnomAD2 exomes AF: 0.00000398 AC: 1 AN: 251448 AF XY: 0.00000736

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00000879

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000479 AC: 7 AN: 1461818 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.00000550 AC XY: 4 AN XY: 727206

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33480

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26132

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39676

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 86256

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 53418

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5764

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00000630 AC: 7 AN: 1111978

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 60390

GnomAD4 genome AF: 0.00000657 AC: 1 AN: 152202 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.0000134 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 74356

⚠️ The allele balance in gnomAD version 4 Genomes is significantly skewed from the expected value of 0.5.

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 41442

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 15278

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 3472

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5204

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 4832

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 10622

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 316

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.0000147 AC: 1 AN: 68034

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 2092

⚠️ The allele balance in gnomAD version 4 Genomes is significantly skewed from the expected value of 0.5. (p-value = 0), which strongly suggests a high chance of mosaicism in these individuals.

Alfa AF: 0.00 Hom.: 0

Bravo AF: 0.00000756

ExAC AF: 0.00000824 AC: 1

EpiCase AF: 0.00

EpiControl AF: 0.0000593

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Uncertain:6 Benign:3

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:2 Benign:1

Dec 21, 2021

Sema4, Sema4

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: curation

Oct 19, 2023

Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This missense variant replaces asparagine with aspartic acid at codon 835 of the MSH2 protein. Computational prediction tool suggests that this variant may not impact protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold <= 0.5, PMID: 27666373). This variant does not impact MSH2 function in a 6-thioguanine sensitivity assay in haploid human cells (internally defined LOF score threshold <= -1.32, PMID: 33357406). This variant has been reported in an individual affected with colorectal cancer (PMID: 11606497). In a large breast cancer case-control study, this variant has been reported in 1/60466 cases and 0/53461 unaffected controls (PMID: 33471991). This variant has also been identified in 1/251448 chromosomes in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance.

Oct 28, 2021

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This alteration is classified as benign based on a combination of the following: seen in unaffected individuals, population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity.

not provided Uncertain:2

Dec 07, 2023

Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The MSH2 c.2503A>G (p.Asn835Asp) variant has been reported in individuals with colon cancer (PMID: 21671081 (2011), 11606497 (2001)) and breast cancer (PMID: 33471991 (2021), see also LOVD (http://databases.lovd.nl/shared/genes/MSH2)). This variant has also been reported to have no deleterious effect on MSH2 protein function (PMID: 26951660 (2016), 33357406 (2021)). The frequency of this variant in the general population, 0.000004 (1/251448 chromosomes (Genome Aggregation Database, http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org)), is uninformative in the assessment of its pathogenicity. Analysis of this variant using bioinformatics tools for the prediction of the effect of amino acid changes on protein structure and function yielded predictions that this variant is benign. Based on the available information, we are unable to determine the clinical significance of this variant.

Nov 28, 2018

GeneDx

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant is denoted MSH2 c.2503A>G at the cDNA level, p.Asn835Asp (N835D) at the protein level, and results in the change of an Asparagine to an Aspartic Acid (AAT>GAT). This variant was observed in at least two individuals with microsatellite unstable tumors, one with colon cancer who also harbored a second MSH2 missense variant, and another with endometrial cancer (Samowitz 2001, Hampel 2006). On functional interrogation, MSH2 Asn835Asp demonstrated mismatch repair proficiency in mouse embryonic stem cells (Houlleberghs 2016). This variant was not observed at a significant allele frequency in large population cohorts (Lek 2016). MSH2 Asn835Asp is located in the ATPase domain (Lutzen 2008, Kansikas 2011). In silico analysis, which includes protein predictors and evolutionary conservation, supports that this variant does not alter protein structure/function. Based on currently available evidence, it is unclear whether MSH2 Asn835Asp is pathogenic or benign. We consider it to be a variant of uncertain significance.

Lynch syndrome 1 Uncertain:1 Benign:1

Sep 06, 2023

Baylor Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Dec 13, 2024

Myriad Genetics, Inc.

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant is considered likely benign. This variant is strongly associated with less severe personal and family histories of cancer, typical for individuals without pathogenic variants in this gene [PMID: 27363726].

Lynch syndrome Uncertain:1

Jan 22, 2024

All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This missense variant replaces asparagine with aspartic acid at codon 835 of the MSH2 protein. Computational prediction tool suggests that this variant may not impact protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold <= 0.5, PMID: 27666373). This variant does not impact MSH2 function in a 6-thioguanine sensitivity assay in haploid human cells (internally defined LOF score threshold <= -1.32, PMID: 33357406). This variant has been reported in an individual affected with colorectal cancer (PMID: 11606497). In a large breast cancer case-control study, this variant has been reported in 1/60466 cases and 0/53461 unaffected controls (PMID: 33471991). This variant has also been identified in 1/251448 chromosomes in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance.

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal neoplasms Benign:1

Jan 06, 2025

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.12
BayesDel_addAF	Uncertain	0.044	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.17
CADD	Benign	21
DANN	Uncertain	0.99
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.51	D
Eigen	Benign	-0.23
Eigen_PC	Benign	0.044
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.88	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.97	D
M_CAP	Uncertain	0.20	D
MetaRNN	Benign	0.24	T
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.66	T
MutationAssessor	Benign	-0.38	N
PhyloP100		4.4
PrimateAI	Benign	0.45	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-1.4	N
REVEL	Uncertain	0.30
Sift	Benign	0.54	T
Sift4G	Benign	0.68	T
Polyphen		0.0010	B
Vest4		0.30
MutPred		0.42		Loss of catalytic residue at N835 (P = 0.012)
MVP		0.84
MPC		0.0063
ClinPred		0.33	T
GERP RS		5.9
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.7
Varity_R		0.27
gMVP		0.13
Mutation Taster		=78/22	polymorphism

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.030		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs41295296; hg19: chr2-47707879;