chr22-28694078-T-C

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 2 ACMG points: 4P and 2B. PM1PM2BP4_Moderate

The NM_007194.4(CHEK2):c.1415A>G(p.Lys472Arg) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000693 in 1,443,838 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 16/22 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. K472E) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

Frequency

Genomes: not found (cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 6.9e-7 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

CHEK2
NM_007194.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:6

Conservation

PhyloP100: 2.89

Publications

7 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

CHEK2 (HGNC:16627): (checkpoint kinase 2) In response to DNA damage and replication blocks, cell cycle progression is halted through the control of critical cell cycle regulators. The protein encoded by this gene is a cell cycle checkpoint regulator and putative tumor suppressor. It contains a forkhead-associated protein interaction domain essential for activation in response to DNA damage and is rapidly phosphorylated in response to replication blocks and DNA damage. When activated, the encoded protein is known to inhibit CDC25C phosphatase, preventing entry into mitosis, and has been shown to stabilize the tumor suppressor protein p53, leading to cell cycle arrest in G1. In addition, this protein interacts with and phosphorylates BRCA1, allowing BRCA1 to restore survival after DNA damage. Mutations in this gene have been linked with Li-Fraumeni syndrome, a highly penetrant familial cancer phenotype usually associated with inherited mutations in TP53. Also, mutations in this gene are thought to confer a predisposition to sarcomas, breast cancer, and brain tumors. This nuclear protein is a member of the CDS1 subfamily of serine/threonine protein kinases. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2012]

CHEK2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

CHEK2-related cancer predisposition
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
hereditary breast carcinoma
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), ClinGen
Li-Fraumeni syndrome 2
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: G2P
acute myeloid leukemia
Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer
Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: ClinGen
familial ovarian cancer
Inheritance: AD Classification: NO_KNOWN Submitted by: ClinGen

CHEK2 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 2 ACMG points.

PM1

In a hotspot region, there are 3 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 2 benign, 45 uncertain in NM_007194.4

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.21157).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
CHEK2	NM_007194.4 link	c.1415A>G	p.Lys472Arg	missense_variant	Exon 13 of 15	ENST00000404276.6	NP_009125.1	O96017-1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
CHEK2	ENST00000404276.6 link	c.1415A>G	p.Lys472Arg	missense_variant	Exon 13 of 15	1	NM_007194.4	ENSP00000385747.1		O96017-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

Cov.:

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

6.93e-7

AC:

AN:

1443838

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00000139

AC XY:

AN XY:

718672

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

33388

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

44702

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26128

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39676

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

86162

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

38020

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4134

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

9.00e-7

AC:

AN:

1111538

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

60090

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.425

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

GnomAD4 genome

Cov.:

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:6

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Uncertain:4

Aug 01, 2018

GeneKor MSA

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Sep 25, 2021

Sema4, Sema4

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:curation

- -

Aug 01, 2022

Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This missense variant replaces lysine with arginine at codon 472 of the CHEK2 protein. Computational prediction suggests that this variant may not impact protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold <= 0.5, PMID: 27666373). To our knowledge, functional studies have not been reported for this variant. This variant has not been reported in individuals affected with hereditary cancer in the literature. This variant has not been identified in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Aug 15, 2023

Ambry Genetics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The p.K472R variant (also known as c.1415A>G), located in coding exon 12 of the CHEK2 gene, results from an A to G substitution at nucleotide position 1415. The lysine at codon 472 is replaced by arginine, an amino acid with highly similar properties. This alteration was reported as functional in a study assessing CHEK2-complementation through quantification of KAP1 phosphorylation and CHK2 autophosphorylation in human RPE1-CHEK2-knockout cells (Stolarova L et al. Clin Cancer Res, 2023 Aug;29:3037-3050). This amino acid position is highly conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be tolerated by in silico analysis. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

not provided

Uncertain:1

Jul 13, 2016

GeneDx

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant is denoted CHEK2 c.1415A>G at the cDNA level, p.Lys472Arg (K472R) at the protein level, and results in the change of a Lysine to an Arginine (AAG>AGG). This variant has not, to our knowledge, been published in the literature as pathogenic or benign. CHEK2 Lys472Arg was not observed in approximately 3,700 individuals of European and African American ancestry in the NHLBI Exome Sequencing Project, indicating it is not a common benign variant in these populations. Since Lysine and Arginine share similar properties, this is considered a conservative amino acid substitution. CHEK2 Lys472Arg occurs at a position that is not conserved and is located within the protein kinase domain (Desrichard 2011, Roeb 2012). In silico analyses are inconsistent regarding the effect this variant may have on protein structure and function. Based on currently available information, it is unclear whether CHEK2 Lys472Arg is pathogenic or benign. We consider it to be a variant of uncertain significance. -

Familial cancer of breast

Uncertain:1

Nov 17, 2023

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change replaces lysine, which is basic and polar, with arginine, which is basic and polar, at codon 472 of the CHEK2 protein (p.Lys472Arg). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with personal and/or family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer (PMID: 31159747). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 418901). An algorithm developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (PolyPhen-2) suggests that this variant is likely to be disruptive. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.071

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.094

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.37

CADD

Benign

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

DEOGEN2

Benign

0.10

T;.;T;.;T;.;T;.;.

Eigen

Benign

0.10

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.22

FATHMM_MKL

Benign

0.70

LIST_S2

Benign

0.76

.;T;.;T;.;T;T;T;.

M_CAP

Benign

0.023

MetaRNN

Benign

0.21

T;T;T;T;T;T;T;T;T

MetaSVM

Benign

-1.0

MutationAssessor

Benign

0.97

L;.;L;.;L;.;L;.;.

PhyloP100

2.9

PrimateAI

Benign

0.37

PROVEAN

Benign

-1.3

N;N;N;.;N;N;.;N;N

REVEL

Benign

0.077

Sift

Benign

0.15

T;T;T;.;T;T;.;T;T

Sift4G

Benign

0.17

T;T;T;.;T;T;.;T;T

Polyphen

0.11

B;P;B;.;B;B;B;P;P

Vest4

0.42

MutPred

0.32

Loss of ubiquitination at K472 (P = 0.0255);.;Loss of ubiquitination at K472 (P = 0.0255);.;Loss of ubiquitination at K472 (P = 0.0255);.;Loss of ubiquitination at K472 (P = 0.0255);.;.;

MVP

0.76

MPC

0.051

ClinPred

0.67

GERP RS

5.5

RBP_binding_hub_radar

0.0

RBP_regulation_power_radar

1.7

Varity_R

0.19

gMVP

0.21

Mutation Taster

=80/20

polymorphism

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.010

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over