chr22-28711970-T-C

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. The variant received -1 ACMG points: 2P and 3B. PM1BP4_ModerateBS2_Supporting

The NM_007194.4(CHEK2):c.731A>G(p.Lys244Arg) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000929 in 1,613,930 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 14/22 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. K244T) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000013 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000089 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

CHEK2
NM_007194.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:7O:1

Conservation

PhyloP100: 2.44

Publications

15 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

CHEK2 (HGNC:16627): (checkpoint kinase 2) In response to DNA damage and replication blocks, cell cycle progression is halted through the control of critical cell cycle regulators. The protein encoded by this gene is a cell cycle checkpoint regulator and putative tumor suppressor. It contains a forkhead-associated protein interaction domain essential for activation in response to DNA damage and is rapidly phosphorylated in response to replication blocks and DNA damage. When activated, the encoded protein is known to inhibit CDC25C phosphatase, preventing entry into mitosis, and has been shown to stabilize the tumor suppressor protein p53, leading to cell cycle arrest in G1. In addition, this protein interacts with and phosphorylates BRCA1, allowing BRCA1 to restore survival after DNA damage. Mutations in this gene have been linked with Li-Fraumeni syndrome, a highly penetrant familial cancer phenotype usually associated with inherited mutations in TP53. Also, mutations in this gene are thought to confer a predisposition to sarcomas, breast cancer, and brain tumors. This nuclear protein is a member of the CDS1 subfamily of serine/threonine protein kinases. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2012]

CHEK2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

CHEK2-related cancer predisposition
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
hereditary breast carcinoma
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), ClinGen
Li-Fraumeni syndrome 2
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: G2P
acute myeloid leukemia
Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer
Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: ClinGen
familial ovarian cancer
Inheritance: AD Classification: NO_KNOWN Submitted by: ClinGen

CHEK2 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Likely_benign. The variant received -1 ACMG points.

PM1

In a hotspot region, there are 2 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 1 benign, 47 uncertain in NM_007194.4

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.21120408).

BS2

High AC in GnomAdExome4 at 13 AD gene. Variant has AC lower than other variant known as pathogenic in the gene, so the strength is limited to Supporting.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
CHEK2	NM_007194.4 link	c.731A>G	p.Lys244Arg	missense_variant	Exon 6 of 15	ENST00000404276.6	NP_009125.1	O96017-1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
CHEK2	ENST00000404276.6 link	c.731A>G	p.Lys244Arg	missense_variant	Exon 6 of 15	1	NM_007194.4	ENSP00000385747.1		O96017-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000131

AC:

AN:

152204

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0000482

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.00000796

AC:

AN:

251380

AF XY:

0.00000736

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.0000176

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00000889

AC:

AN:

1461726

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000110

AC XY:

AN XY:

727152

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.000179

AC:

AN:

33480

American (AMR)

AF:

0.0000224

AC:

AN:

44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26132

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39686

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

86254

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53344

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00000540

AC:

AN:

1111944

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

60394

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.444

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000131

AC:

AN:

152204

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000135

AC XY:

AN XY:

74336

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000482

AC:

AN:

41454

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

15278

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3472

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5204

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4830

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10618

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

316

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

68028

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2094

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.475

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.0000434

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.00000756

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:7Other:1

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Uncertain:2

Jul 26, 2024

Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This missense variant replaces lysine with arginine at codon 244 of the CHEK2 protein. Computational prediction suggests that this variant may not impact protein structure and function. A functional study has shown the mutant protein to exhibit kinase activity similar to the wild-type protein (PMID: 22114986). This variant has been reported in an individual affected with breast cancer (PMID: 22114986) and in two unaffected individuals (PMID: 22114986, 24728327). This variant has been identified in 3/282782 chromosomes in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). Available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Mar 24, 2025

Ambry Genetics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The p.K244R variant (also known as c.731A>G), located in coding exon 5 of the CHEK2 gene, results from an A to G substitution at nucleotide position 731. The lysine at codon 244 is replaced by arginine, an amino acid with highly similar properties. In one study, this alteration was observed in breast cancer cases as well as healthy controls, and an in vitro assay showed that this alteration had wildtype-like levels of kinase activity (Desrichard A et al. Breast Cancer Res. 2011;13(6):R119). This amino acid position is well conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be tolerated by in silico analysis. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

CHEK2-related disorder

Uncertain:1

May 22, 2024

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

The CHEK2 c.731A>G variant is predicted to result in the amino acid substitution p.Lys244Arg. This variant has been reported in both cases and controls in a study of women with breast cancer (Desrichard et al. 2011. PubMed ID: 22114986). However, in vitro functional characterization suggested that this variant is not deleterious (Desrichard et al. 2011. PubMed ID: 22114986). This variant is reported in 0.0040% of alleles in individuals of African descent in gnomAD. At this time, the clinical significance of this variant is uncertain due to the absence of conclusive functional and genetic evidence. -

Hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer

Uncertain:1

Jul 30, 2021

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:research

- -

not provided

Uncertain:1

Aug 03, 2022

GeneDx

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant does not alter protein structure/function; Observed in individuals with breast cancer and also in unaffected controls (Desrichard et al., 2011); Published functional studies demonstrate kinase activity similar to wild type (Desrichard et al., 2011); This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 33322746, 22114986, 22419737, 19782031, 24728327, 31050813) -

Familial cancer of breast

Uncertain:1

Nov 07, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change replaces lysine, which is basic and polar, with arginine, which is basic and polar, at codon 244 of the CHEK2 protein (p.Lys244Arg). This variant is present in population databases (rs587778193, gnomAD 0.004%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with breast cancer, and an unaffected individual (PMID: 22114986). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 133889). An algorithm developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (PolyPhen-2) suggests that this variant¬†is likely to be tolerated. Experimental studies have shown that this missense change does not substantially affect CHEK2 function (PMID: 22114986). In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Bone osteosarcoma;C2931456:Familial prostate cancer;C5882668:CHEK2-related cancer predisposition

Uncertain:1

May 30, 2024

Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

not specified

Other:1

Sep 19, 2013

ITMI

Significance:not provided

Review Status:no classification provided

Collection Method:reference population

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.063

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.069

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.34

CADD

Benign

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

DEOGEN2

Benign

0.11

T;.;T;.;T;.;T;.;.;.;.;.;.

Eigen

Benign

-0.25

Eigen_PC

Benign

-0.025

FATHMM_MKL

Benign

0.73

LIST_S2

Benign

0.84

.;T;.;T;.;T;T;T;.;T;T;T;D

M_CAP

Benign

0.016

MetaRNN

Benign

0.21

T;T;T;T;T;T;T;T;T;T;T;T;T

MetaSVM

Benign

-0.92

MutationAssessor

Benign

1.1

L;L;L;.;L;.;L;.;L;.;.;.;.

PhyloP100

2.4

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.52

PROVEAN

Benign

-0.99

N;N;N;.;N;N;.;N;N;N;.;N;N

REVEL

Benign

0.062

Sift

Benign

0.17

T;T;T;.;T;T;.;T;T;T;.;T;T

Sift4G

Benign

0.36

T;T;T;.;T;T;.;T;T;T;.;.;T

Polyphen

0.014

B;B;B;.;B;B;B;B;B;.;.;.;.

Vest4

0.38

MutPred

0.52

Loss of methylation at K244 (P = 0.0033);Loss of methylation at K244 (P = 0.0033);Loss of methylation at K244 (P = 0.0033);.;Loss of methylation at K244 (P = 0.0033);.;Loss of methylation at K244 (P = 0.0033);.;Loss of methylation at K244 (P = 0.0033);.;.;.;.;

MVP

0.82

MPC

0.019

ClinPred

0.31

GERP RS

5.3

PromoterAI

0.012

Neutral

(source)

RBP_binding_hub_radar

0.0

RBP_regulation_power_radar

1.7

Varity_R

0.23

gMVP

0.28

Mutation Taster

=79/21

polymorphism

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over