chr22-37978041-G-A

Position:

• chr22-37978041-G-A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 16 ACMG points: 16P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PM5 PP3_Moderate PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_006941.4(SOX10):​c.523C>T​(p.Pro175Ser) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. 12/21 in silico tools predict a damaging outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. P175A) has been classified as Likely pathogenic.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: SOX10 NM_006941.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:4
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 10.0

Genes affected

SOX10 (HGNC:11190): (SRY-box transcription factor 10) This gene encodes a member of the SOX (SRY-related HMG-box) family of transcription factors involved in the regulation of embryonic development and in the determination of the cell fate. The encoded protein may act as a transcriptional activator after forming a protein complex with other proteins. This protein acts as a nucleocytoplasmic shuttle protein and is important for neural crest and peripheral nervous system development. Mutations in this gene are associated with Waardenburg-Shah and Waardenburg-Hirschsprung disease. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

POLR2F (HGNC:9193): (RNA polymerase II, I and III subunit F) This gene encodes the sixth largest subunit of RNA polymerase II, the polymerase responsible for synthesizing messenger RNA in eukaryotes. In yeast, this polymerase subunit, in combination with at least two other subunits, forms a structure that stabilizes the transcribing polymerase on the DNA template. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2014]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 16 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a region_of_interest Disordered (size 39) in uniprot entity SOX10_HUMAN there are 13 pathogenic changes around while only 0 benign (100%) in NM_006941.4
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chrnull-null-null-null is described in UniProt as null.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.903
• PP5: Variant 22-37978041-G-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr22-37978041-G-A is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 521356.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
SOX10	NM_006941.4	c.523C>T	p.Pro175Ser	missense_variant	3/4	ENST00000396884.8	NP_008872.1
POLR2F	NM_001301130.2	c.294-8113G>A		intron_variant			NP_001288059.1
POLR2F	NM_001301131.2	c.293+10871G>A		intron_variant			NP_001288060.1
POLR2F	NM_001363825.1	c.*38+5731G>A		intron_variant			NP_001350754.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
SOX10	ENST00000396884.8	c.523C>T	p.Pro175Ser	missense_variant	3/4	1	NM_006941.4	ENSP00000380093	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:4

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

SOX10-related disorder Pathogenic:1

Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Greenwood Genetic Center Diagnostic Laboratories, Greenwood Genetic Center

Aug 06, 2022

PS4_Moderate, PM2, PM5, PM6, PP3 -

Waardenburg syndrome type 2E Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Genetic Testing Center for Deafness, Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital

Jan 01, 2019

- -

Inborn genetic diseases Pathogenic:1

Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Ambry Genetics

Sep 01, 2016

- -

not provided Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

GeneDx

Mar 12, 2024

Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 29565416, 34142234) -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	1.0
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.53	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.52
CADD	Pathogenic	31
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.90	D;D;D
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.81
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.71
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.99	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.99	.;D;D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.73	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.90	D;D;D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	1.1	D
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	3.5	H;H;.
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	D;D;D;D
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.88	D
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-7.0	D;D;D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.82
Sift	Pathogenic	0.0	D;D;D
Sift4G	Pathogenic	0.0	D;D;.
Polyphen		1.0	D;D;.
Vest4		0.85
MutPred		0.47		Gain of phosphorylation at P175 (P = 0.0051);Gain of phosphorylation at P175 (P = 0.0051);Gain of phosphorylation at P175 (P = 0.0051);
MVP		0.96
MPC		1.9
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		4.2
Varity_R		0.85
gMVP		0.96

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1555938395; hg19: chr22-38374048;