chr3-37011857-A-T
Position:
Variant summary
Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1PM2PP5_Very_Strong
The NM_000249.4(MLH1):c.583A>T(p.Lys195Ter) variant causes a stop gained change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000685 in 1,460,634 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★). Variant results in nonsense mediated mRNA decay.
Frequency
Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
Exomes 𝑓: 6.8e-7 ( 0 hom. )
Consequence
MLH1
NM_000249.4 stop_gained
NM_000249.4 stop_gained
Scores
5
1
1
Clinical Significance
Conservation
PhyloP100: 6.51
Genes affected
MLH1 (HGNC:7127): (mutL homolog 1) The protein encoded by this gene can heterodimerize with mismatch repair endonuclease PMS2 to form MutL alpha, part of the DNA mismatch repair system. When MutL alpha is bound by MutS beta and some accessory proteins, the PMS2 subunit of MutL alpha introduces a single-strand break near DNA mismatches, providing an entry point for exonuclease degradation. The encoded protein is also involved in DNA damage signaling and can heterodimerize with DNA mismatch repair protein MLH3 to form MutL gamma, which is involved in meiosis. This gene was identified as a locus frequently mutated in hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC). [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]
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ACMG classification
Classification made for transcript
Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points.
PVS1
Loss of function variant, product undergoes nonsense mediated mRNA decay. LoF is a known mechanism of disease.
PM2
Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;
PP5
Variant 3-37011857-A-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr3-37011857-A-T is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 218025.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr3-37011857-A-T is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].
Transcripts
RefSeq
Gene | Transcript | HGVSc | HGVSp | Effect | #exon/exons | MANE | UniProt |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MLH1 | NM_000249.4 | c.583A>T | p.Lys195Ter | stop_gained | 7/19 | ENST00000231790.8 |
Ensembl
Gene | Transcript | HGVSc | HGVSp | Effect | #exon/exons | TSL | MANE | Appris | UniProt |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MLH1 | ENST00000231790.8 | c.583A>T | p.Lys195Ter | stop_gained | 7/19 | 1 | NM_000249.4 | P1 |
Frequencies
GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32
GnomAD3 genomes
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32
GnomAD4 exome AF: 6.85e-7 AC: 1AN: 1460634Hom.: 0 Cov.: 30 AF XY: 0.00000138 AC XY: 1AN XY: 726752
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GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32
GnomAD4 genome
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32
ClinVar
Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic
Submissions summary: Pathogenic:7
Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
LINK: link
Submissions by phenotype
not provided Pathogenic:2
Likely pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided | research | Mayo Clinic Laboratories, Mayo Clinic | - | - - |
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter | clinical testing | GeneDx | Oct 31, 2017 | This variant is denoted MLH1 c.583A>T at the cDNA level and p.Lys195Ter (K195X) at the protein level. The substitution creates a nonsense variant, which changes a Lysine to a premature stop codon (AAA>TAA), and is predicted to cause loss of normal protein function through either protein truncation or nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. This variant has been reported in association with Lynch syndrome (Hinrichsen 2015, Binder 2017) and is considered pathogenic. - |
Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Pathogenic:2
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter | clinical testing | Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health | Jan 15, 2020 | This variant changes 1 nucleotide in exon 7 of the MLH1 gene, creating a premature translation stop signal. This variant is expected to result in an absent or non-functional protein product. This variant has not been identified in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). Loss of MLH1 function is a known mechanism of disease (clinicalgenome.org). Based on the available evidence, this variant is classified as Pathogenic. - |
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter | clinical testing | Ambry Genetics | Jul 06, 2022 | The p.K195* pathogenic mutation (also known as c.583A>T), located in coding exon 7 of the MLH1 gene, results from an A to T substitution at nucleotide position 583. This changes the amino acid from a lysine to a stop codon within coding exon 7. This mutation has been reported in a female diagnosed with MSI-H cancer of the cecum at age 44 that was MLH1 deficient (Hinrichsen I et al. Carcinogenesis 2015 Feb; 36(2):202-11) and in a 42 year-old with a rectal adenoma (Binder H et al. J. Pathol., 2017 Oct;243:242-254). This alteration is expected to result in loss of function by premature protein truncation or nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. As such, this alteration is interpreted as a disease-causing mutation. - |
Colorectal cancer, hereditary nonpolyposis, type 2 Pathogenic:1
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter | clinical testing | Myriad Genetics, Inc. | Jul 17, 2023 | This variant is considered pathogenic. This variant creates a termination codon and is predicted to result in premature protein truncation. - |
Lynch syndrome Pathogenic:1
Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter | clinical testing | Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Mass General Brigham Personalized Medicine | Oct 14, 2019 | The p.Lys195X variant in MLH1 has been reported in 1 individual with colorectal cancer (Hinrichsen 2015). It was absent from large population studies and has been reported in ClinVar (Variation ID 218025). This nonsense variant leads to a premature termination codon at position 195, which is predicted to lead to a truncated or absent protein. Loss of function of the MLH1 gene is an established disease mechanism in autosomal dominant Lynch syndrome. In summary, although additional studies are required to fully establish its clinical significance, this variant meets criteria to be classified as pathogenic for autosomal dominant Lynch syndrome. ACMG/AMP Criteria applied: PVS1, PM2 - |
Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal neoplasms Pathogenic:1
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter | clinical testing | Invitae | Mar 25, 2022 | For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. Experimental studies have shown that this premature translational stop signal affects MLH1 function (PMID: 25477341). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 218025). This premature translational stop signal has been observed in individual(s) with Lynch syndrome (PMID: 25477341). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This sequence change creates a premature translational stop signal (p.Lys195*) in the MLH1 gene. It is expected to result in an absent or disrupted protein product. Loss-of-function variants in MLH1 are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 15713769, 24362816). - |
Computational scores
Source:
Name
Calibrated prediction
Score
Prediction
BayesDel_addAF
Pathogenic
D
BayesDel_noAF
Pathogenic
CADD
Pathogenic
DANN
Uncertain
Eigen
Pathogenic
Eigen_PC
Pathogenic
FATHMM_MKL
Pathogenic
D
MutationTaster
Benign
A;A;D;D;D;D
Vest4
ClinPred
D
GERP RS
RBP_binding_hub_radar
RBP_regulation_power_radar
Splicing
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Calibrated prediction
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SpliceAI score (max)
Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2
Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at