chr3-37020383-G-GAGAGC

Position:

• chr3-37020383-G-GAGAGC

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1 PM2 PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000249.4(MLH1):​c.960_964dup​(p.Ile322ArgfsTer47) variant causes a frameshift change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★). Synonymous variant affecting the same amino acid position (i.e. E320E) has been classified as Likely benign. Variant results in nonsense mediated mRNA decay.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: MLH1 NM_000249.4 frameshift
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:4
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 8.88

Genes affected

MLH1 (HGNC:7127): (mutL homolog 1) The protein encoded by this gene can heterodimerize with mismatch repair endonuclease PMS2 to form MutL alpha, part of the DNA mismatch repair system. When MutL alpha is bound by MutS beta and some accessory proteins, the PMS2 subunit of MutL alpha introduces a single-strand break near DNA mismatches, providing an entry point for exonuclease degradation. The encoded protein is also involved in DNA damage signaling and can heterodimerize with DNA mismatch repair protein MLH3 to form MutL gamma, which is involved in meiosis. This gene was identified as a locus frequently mutated in hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC). [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Loss of function variant, product undergoes nonsense mediated mRNA decay. LoF is a known mechanism of disease.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant 3-37020383-G-GAGAGC is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr3-37020383-G-GAGAGC is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 439184.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
MLH1	NM_000249.4	c.960_964dup	p.Ile322ArgfsTer47	frameshift_variant	11/19	ENST00000231790.8

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
MLH1	ENST00000231790.8	c.960_964dup	p.Ile322ArgfsTer47	frameshift_variant	11/19	1	NM_000249.4	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 31

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:4

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Colorectal cancer, hereditary nonpolyposis, type 2 Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Myriad Genetics, Inc.

Jul 18, 2023

This variant is considered pathogenic. This variant creates a frameshift predicted to result in premature protein truncation. -

Lynch syndrome Pathogenic:1

Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Feb 01, 2017

Variant summary: The MLH1 c.960_964dupGAGCA (p.Ile322Argfs) variant results in a premature termination codon, predicted to cause a truncated or absent MLH1 protein due to nonsense mediated decay, which are commonly known mechanisms for disease. Truncations downstream of this position have been classified as pathogenic by our laboratory (e.g. c.970delG (p.Glu324fs), c.1210_1211delCT (p.Leu404fs), and c.1381A>T (p.Lys461X)). The variant of interest was not observed in controls (ExAC, 1000 Gs, or ESP), nor has it been, to our knowledge, been reported in affected individuals via publications and/or reputable databases/clinical diagnostic laboratories; nor evaluated for functional impact by in vivo/vitro studies. Taken together, this variant is classified as likely pathogenic. -

not provided Pathogenic:1

Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano

Nov 23, 2016

- -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Ambry Genetics

Mar 11, 2022

The c.960_964dupGAGCA pathogenic mutation, located in coding exon 11 of the MLH1 gene, results from a duplication of GAGCA at nucleotide position 960, causing a translational frameshift with a predicted alternate stop codon (p.I322Rfs*47). This alteration is expected to result in loss of function by premature protein truncation or nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. As such, this alteration is interpreted as a disease-causing mutation. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Splicing

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1553648047; hg19: chr3-37061874;