chr3-37025716-G-A
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Variant summary
Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 0 ACMG points: 2P and 2B. PM2BP4_Moderate
The NM_000249.4(MLH1):c.1118G>A(p.Gly373Glu) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000342 in 1,461,746 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 12/21 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).
Frequency
Genomes: not found (cov: 30)
Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000034 ( 0 hom. )
Consequence
MLH1
NM_000249.4 missense
NM_000249.4 missense
Scores
2
2
15
Clinical Significance
Conservation
PhyloP100: 4.43
Genes affected
MLH1 (HGNC:7127): (mutL homolog 1) The protein encoded by this gene can heterodimerize with mismatch repair endonuclease PMS2 to form MutL alpha, part of the DNA mismatch repair system. When MutL alpha is bound by MutS beta and some accessory proteins, the PMS2 subunit of MutL alpha introduces a single-strand break near DNA mismatches, providing an entry point for exonuclease degradation. The encoded protein is also involved in DNA damage signaling and can heterodimerize with DNA mismatch repair protein MLH3 to form MutL gamma, which is involved in meiosis. This gene was identified as a locus frequently mutated in hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC). [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]
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ACMG classification
Classification made for transcript
Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 0 ACMG points.
PM2
Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;
BP4
Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.21714875).
Transcripts
RefSeq
| Gene | Transcript | HGVSc | HGVSp | Effect | #exon/exons | MANE | Protein | UniProt |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MLH1 | NM_000249.4 | c.1118G>A | p.Gly373Glu | missense_variant | 12/19 | ENST00000231790.8 | NP_000240.1 |
Ensembl
| Gene | Transcript | HGVSc | HGVSp | Effect | #exon/exons | TSL | MANE | Protein | Appris | UniProt |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MLH1 | ENST00000231790.8 | c.1118G>A | p.Gly373Glu | missense_variant | 12/19 | 1 | NM_000249.4 | ENSP00000231790 | P1 |
Frequencies
GnomAD3 genomes
GnomAD3 genomes
Cov.:
30
GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.00000795 AC: 2AN: 251420Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0AN XY: 135896
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GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000342 AC: 5AN: 1461746Hom.: 0 Cov.: 34 AF XY: 0.00000275 AC XY: 2AN XY: 727174
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GnomAD4 genome
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30
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ClinVar
Significance: Uncertain significance
Submissions summary: Uncertain:7
Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
LINK: link
Submissions by phenotype
not provided Uncertain:2
| Uncertain significance, no assertion criteria provided | clinical testing | Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System | - | The MLH1 p.Gly373Glu variant was not identified in the literature nor was it identified in the following databases: GeneInsight-COGR, Cosmic, MutDB, UMD-LSDB, Insight Colon Cancer Gene Variant Database, Zhejiang Colon Cancer Database, Mismatch Repair Genes Variant Database, or Insight Hereditary Tumors Database. The variant was identified in dbSNP (ID: rs774878513) as “With Uncertain significance allele” and ClinVar (classified as uncertain significance by Invitae and Ambry Genetics). The variant was identified in control databases in 2 of 246214 chromosomes at a frequency of 0.000008 (Genome Aggregation Consortium Feb 27, 2017). The p.Gly373 residue is conserved in mammals and computational analyses (PolyPhen-2, SIFT, AlignGVGD, BLOSUM, MutationTaster) provide inconsistent predictions regarding the impact to the protein; this information is not very predictive of pathogenicity. The variant occurs outside of the splicing consensus sequence and in silico or computational prediction software programs (SpliceSiteFinder, MaxEntScan, NNSPLICE, GeneSplicer, HumanSpliceFinder) do not predict a significant difference in splicing. In summary, based on the above information, the clinical significance of this variant cannot be determined with certainty at this time. This variant is classified as a variant of uncertain significance. - |
| Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter | clinical testing | GeneDx | Aug 15, 2022 | Not observed at a significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant does not alter protein structure/function; Has not been previously published as pathogenic or benign to our knowledge - |
Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:2
| Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter | clinical testing | Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health | Sep 20, 2023 | This missense variant replaces glycine with glutamic acid at codon 373 in the MLH1 protein. Computational prediction suggests that this variant may not impact protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold <= 0.5, PMID: 27666373). To our knowledge, functional studies have not been reported for this variant. This variant has not been reported in individuals affected with MLH1-related disorders in the literature. This variant has been identified in 2/251420 chromosomes in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. - |
| Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter | clinical testing | Ambry Genetics | Aug 10, 2021 | The p.G373E variant (also known as c.1118G>A), located in coding exon 12 of the MLH1 gene, results from a G to A substitution at nucleotide position 1118. The glycine at codon 373 is replaced by glutamic acid, an amino acid with similar properties. This amino acid position is well conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be deleterious by in silico analysis. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. - |
Muir-Torré syndrome;C1333991:Colorectal cancer, hereditary nonpolyposis, type 2;C5399763:Mismatch repair cancer syndrome 1 Uncertain:1
| Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter | clinical testing | Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics | Oct 31, 2018 | - - |
Lynch syndrome Uncertain:1
| Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter | clinical testing | All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health | Oct 06, 2023 | This missense variant replaces glycine with glutamic acid at codon 373 in the MLH1 protein. Computational prediction suggests that this variant may not impact protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold <= 0.5, PMID: 27666373). To our knowledge, functional studies have not been reported for this variant. This variant has not been reported in individuals affected with MLH1-related disorders in the literature. This variant has been identified in 2/251420 chromosomes in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. - |
Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal neoplasms Uncertain:1
| Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter | clinical testing | Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp | Jan 29, 2024 | This sequence change replaces glycine, which is neutral and non-polar, with glutamic acid, which is acidic and polar, at codon 373 of the MLH1 protein (p.Gly373Glu). This variant is present in population databases (rs774878513, gnomAD 0.002%). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with MLH1-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 219728). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is not expected to disrupt MLH1 protein function with a negative predictive value of 95%. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. - |
Computational scores
Source:
Name
Calibrated prediction
Score
Prediction
AlphaMissense
Benign
BayesDel_addAF
Pathogenic
D
BayesDel_noAF
Pathogenic
CADD
Benign
DANN
Benign
DEOGEN2
Benign
T;.;.;.;.;.
Eigen
Benign
Eigen_PC
Benign
FATHMM_MKL
Uncertain
D
LIST_S2
Benign
T;D;.;.;.;D
M_CAP
Benign
D
MetaRNN
Benign
T;T;T;T;T;T
MetaSVM
Benign
T
MutationAssessor
Benign
L;.;.;.;.;.
MutationTaster
Benign
D;D;D;D;D;D
PrimateAI
Benign
T
PROVEAN
Benign
N;N;N;N;N;N
REVEL
Uncertain
Sift
Benign
T;T;T;T;T;T
Sift4G
Benign
T;T;T;T;T;T
Polyphen
B;.;.;.;.;.
Vest4
MutPred
Gain of solvent accessibility (P = 0.024);.;.;.;.;.;
MVP
MPC
ClinPred
T
GERP RS
Varity_R
gMVP
Splicing
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SpliceAI score (max)
Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2
Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at