Variant chr3-37040184-A-G details in Genebe, Genetics Data Aggregator

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1PM2PP5_Very_Strong

The ENST00000231790.8(MLH1):c.1559-2A>G variant causes a splice acceptor change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000685 in 1,460,538 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. 3/3 splice prediction tools predicting alterations to normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★★).

Frequency

Genomes: not found (cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 6.8e-7 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

MLH1
ENST00000231790.8 splice_acceptor

Scores

Splicing: ADA: 0.9992

Clinical Significance

Pathogenic reviewed by expert panel P:6

Conservation

PhyloP100: 9.08

Variant links:

Genes affected

MLH1 (HGNC:7127): (mutL homolog 1) The protein encoded by this gene can heterodimerize with mismatch repair endonuclease PMS2 to form MutL alpha, part of the DNA mismatch repair system. When MutL alpha is bound by MutS beta and some accessory proteins, the PMS2 subunit of MutL alpha introduces a single-strand break near DNA mismatches, providing an entry point for exonuclease degradation. The encoded protein is also involved in DNA damage signaling and can heterodimerize with DNA mismatch repair protein MLH3 to form MutL gamma, which is involved in meiosis. This gene was identified as a locus frequently mutated in hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC). [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

MLH1 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points.

PVS1

Splicing +-2 bp (donor or acceptor) variant, LoF is a know mechanism of disease, No cryptic splice site detected. Exon removal results in frameshift change.

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

PP5

Variant 3-37040184-A-G is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr3-37040184-A-G is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 89783.Status of the report is reviewed_by_expert_panel, 3 stars. Variant chr3-37040184-A-G is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
MLH1	NM_000249.4 linkuse as main transcript	c.1559-2A>G		splice_acceptor_variant		ENST00000231790.8	NP_000240.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
MLH1	ENST00000231790.8 linkuse as main transcript	c.1559-2A>G		splice_acceptor_variant		1	NM_000249.4	ENSP00000231790	P1	P40692-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

Cov.:

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.00000398

AC:

AN:

251084

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.00000737

AC XY:

AN XY:

135690

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.0000327

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

6.85e-7

AC:

AN:

1460538

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00000138

AC XY:

AN XY:

726664

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.0000116

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 genome

Cov.:

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:6

Revision: reviewed by expert panel

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Colorectal cancer, hereditary nonpolyposis, type 2

Pathogenic:2

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Counsyl	Aug 02, 2016	- -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Myriad Genetics, Inc.	Mar 15, 2023	This variant is considered pathogenic. This variant occurs within a consensus splice junction and is predicted to result in abnormal mRNA splicing of either an out-of-frame exon or an in-frame exon necessary for protein stability and/or normal function. This variant is strongly associated with more severe personal and family histories of cancer, typical for individuals with pathogenic variants in this gene [PMID: 25085752]. -

Lynch syndrome

Pathogenic:2

Pathogenic, reviewed by expert panel	research	International Society for Gastrointestinal Hereditary Tumours (InSiGHT)	Sep 05, 2013	Variant causes splicing aberration predicted to produce truncated protein: full inactivation of variant allele. -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System	Apr 07, 2014	- -

not provided

Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

GeneDx

Dec 02, 2019

Canonical splice site variant demonstrated to result in exon skipping in a gene for which loss-of-function is a known mechanism of disease (Nakagawa 2002); Observed in several families meeting Amsterdam Criteria or Bethesda Guidelines for Lynch syndrome (Gille 2002, Nakagawa 2002, Svrcek 2010, Bonadona 2011, De Lellis 2013); Truncating variants in this gene are considered pathogenic by a well-established clinical consortium and/or database; Not observed at a significant frequency in large population cohorts (Lek 2016); This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 25525159, 24278394, 15555211, 12373605, 21642682, 22949379, 20947886, 30720243, 12183410) -

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal neoplasms

Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Oct 16, 2023

This sequence change affects an acceptor splice site in intron 13 of the MLH1 gene. It is expected to disrupt RNA splicing. Variants that disrupt the donor or acceptor splice site typically lead to a loss of protein function (PMID: 16199547), and loss-of-function variants in MLH1 are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 15713769, 24362816). This variant is present in population databases (rs267607836, gnomAD 0.003%). Disruption of this splice site has been observed in individual(s) with MLH1-related conditions (PMID: 12373605, 24278394). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 89783). Studies have shown that disruption of this splice site alters mRNA splicing and is expected to lead to the loss of protein expression (PMID: 12183410, 22949379). For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.56

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.14

CADD

Pathogenic

DANN

Benign

0.87

Eigen

Pathogenic

0.76

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.56

FATHMM_MKL

Pathogenic

0.99

MutationTaster

Benign

1.0

D;D;D;D;D;D

GERP RS

4.7

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

dbscSNV1_ADA

Pathogenic

1.0

dbscSNV1_RF

Pathogenic

0.73

SpliceAI score (max)

0.97

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

DS_AL_spliceai

0.97

Position offset: 2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over