chr3-37047567-G-A

Variant names:

• chr3-37047567-G-A
• rs1553662786
• NM_000249.4:c.1780G>A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 2 ACMG points: 2P and 0B. PM2

The NM_000249.4(MLH1):​c.1780G>A​(p.Glu594Lys) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 31)
• Consequence: MLH1 NM_000249.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:4
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 9.74

Genes affected

MLH1 (HGNC:7127): (mutL homolog 1) The protein encoded by this gene can heterodimerize with mismatch repair endonuclease PMS2 to form MutL alpha, part of the DNA mismatch repair system. When MutL alpha is bound by MutS beta and some accessory proteins, the PMS2 subunit of MutL alpha introduces a single-strand break near DNA mismatches, providing an entry point for exonuclease degradation. The encoded protein is also involved in DNA damage signaling and can heterodimerize with DNA mismatch repair protein MLH3 to form MutL gamma, which is involved in meiosis. This gene was identified as a locus frequently mutated in hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC). [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 2 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
MLH1	NM_000249.4	c.1780G>A	p.Glu594Lys	missense_variant	Exon 16 of 19	ENST00000231790.8	NP_000240.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
MLH1	ENST00000231790.8	c.1780G>A	p.Glu594Lys	missense_variant	Exon 16 of 19	1	NM_000249.4	ENSP00000231790.3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 31

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 31

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 31

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:4

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Colorectal cancer, hereditary nonpolyposis, type 2 Uncertain:1

Feb 18, 2024

Baylor Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

not provided Uncertain:1

Jan 19, 2016

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal neoplasms Uncertain:1

Mar 18, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces glutamic acid, which is acidic and polar, with lysine, which is basic and polar, at codon 594 of the MLH1 protein (p.Glu594Lys). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with MLH1-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 495761). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is not expected to disrupt MLH1 protein function with a negative predictive value of 95%. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:1

Jul 24, 2024

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The p.E594K variant (also known as c.1780G>A), located in coding exon 16 of the MLH1 gene, results from a G to A substitution at nucleotide position 1780. The glutamic acid at codon 594 is replaced by lysine, an amino acid with similar properties. This amino acid position is highly conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be deleterious by in silico analysis. Based on the available evidence, the clinical significance of this variant remains unclear. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.19
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.36	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.29
CADD	Pathogenic	26
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.72	D;.;.;.;.;.
Eigen	Uncertain	0.50
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.59
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.98	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.98	D;D;.;.;.;D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.31	D
MetaRNN	Uncertain	0.68	D;D;D;D;D;D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	0.86	D
MutationAssessor	Benign	1.5	L;.;.;.;.;.
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.79	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-1.8	N;N;N;N;N;N
REVEL	Uncertain	0.63
Sift	Uncertain	0.019	D;D;D;D;D;D
Sift4G	Benign	0.26	T;D;D;D;D;D
Polyphen		0.28	B;.;.;.;.;.
Vest4		0.70
MutPred		0.43		Gain of ubiquitination at E594 (P = 0.009);.;.;.;.;.;
MVP		0.94
MPC		0.14
ClinPred		0.92	D
GERP RS		5.6
Varity_R		0.66
gMVP		0.71

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1553662786; hg19: chr3-37089058;