chr3-37047577-G-T

Variant names:

• chr3-37047577-G-T
• rs63750604
• NM_000249.4:c.1790G>T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. The variant received 6 ACMG points: 6P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PP3_Moderate

The NM_000249.4(MLH1):​c.1790G>T​(p.Trp597Leu) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. W597C) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 31)
• Consequence: MLH1 NM_000249.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 9.74
• Publications: 0 publications found

Genes affected

MLH1 (HGNC:7127): (mutL homolog 1) The protein encoded by this gene can heterodimerize with mismatch repair endonuclease PMS2 to form MutL alpha, part of the DNA mismatch repair system. When MutL alpha is bound by MutS beta and some accessory proteins, the PMS2 subunit of MutL alpha introduces a single-strand break near DNA mismatches, providing an entry point for exonuclease degradation. The encoded protein is also involved in DNA damage signaling and can heterodimerize with DNA mismatch repair protein MLH3 to form MutL gamma, which is involved in meiosis. This gene was identified as a locus frequently mutated in hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC). [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

MLH1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• Lynch syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: G2P, ClinGen, Orphanet
• Lynch syndrome 2

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, Genomics England PanelApp
• Muir-Torre syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, MODERATE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Ambry Genetics, G2P, Orphanet
• mismatch repair cancer syndrome 1

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Orphanet, ClinGen
• Lynch syndrome 1

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• ovarian cancer

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
• malignant pancreatic neoplasm

  Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
• rhabdomyosarcoma

  Inheritance: AR Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
• prostate cancer

  Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
• breast cancer

  Inheritance: AD Classification: NO_KNOWN Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
• hereditary breast carcinoma

  Inheritance: AD Classification: NO_KNOWN Submitted by: ClinGen

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Likely_pathogenic. The variant received 6 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 2 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 4 benign, 45 uncertain in NM_000249.4
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.883

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_000249.4. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	MLH1	NM_000249.4	MANE Select	c.1790G>T	p.Trp597Leu	missense	Exon 16 of 19	NP_000240.1
	MLH1	NM_001354628.2		c.1790G>T	p.Trp597Leu	missense	Exon 16 of 18	NP_001341557.1
	MLH1	NM_001354629.2		c.1691G>T	p.Trp564Leu	missense	Exon 15 of 18	NP_001341558.1

Ensembl Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	MLH1	ENST00000231790.8	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.1790G>T	p.Trp597Leu	missense	Exon 16 of 19	ENSP00000231790.3
	MLH1	ENST00000456676.7	TSL:1	c.1790G>T	p.Trp597Leu	missense	Exon 16 of 17	ENSP00000416687.3
	MLH1	ENST00000458205.6	TSL:1	c.1067G>T	p.Trp356Leu	missense	Exon 17 of 20	ENSP00000402667.2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 31

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 31

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 31

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

not provided Uncertain:1

Mar 01, 2022

CeGaT Center for Human Genetics Tuebingen

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

MLH1: PM2, PP3, BP1

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.94
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.54	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.54
CADD	Pathogenic	30
DANN	Uncertain	0.99
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.83	D
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.85
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.84
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.98	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.97	D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.43	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.88	D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	0.98	D
MutationAssessor	Uncertain	2.7	M
PhyloP100		9.7
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.81	D
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-9.9	D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.78
Sift	Uncertain	0.0040	D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.0060	D
Polyphen		0.86	P
Vest4		0.74
MutPred		0.39		Gain of disorder (P = 0.057)
MVP		0.97
MPC		0.35
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		5.6
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.7
Varity_R		0.94
gMVP		0.75
Mutation Taster		=4/96	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs63750604; hg19: chr3-37089068;