chr4-102579043-A-G

Position:

• chr4-102579043-A-G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. Variant got 6 ACMG points: 6P and 0B. PM2 PP3_Moderate PP5_Moderate

The NM_003998.4(NFKB1):​c.730+4A>G variant causes a splice donor region, intron change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★).

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: NFKB1 NM_003998.4 splice_donor_region, intron
• Scores: Splicing: ADA: 0.9998
• Clinical Significance: Likely pathogenic criteria provided, single submitter P:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 8.97

Genes affected

NFKB1 (HGNC:7794): (nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1) This gene encodes a 105 kD protein which can undergo cotranslational processing by the 26S proteasome to produce a 50 kD protein. The 105 kD protein is a Rel protein-specific transcription inhibitor and the 50 kD protein is a DNA binding subunit of the NF-kappa-B (NFKB) protein complex. NFKB is a transcription regulator that is activated by various intra- and extra-cellular stimuli such as cytokines, oxidant-free radicals, ultraviolet irradiation, and bacterial or viral products. Activated NFKB translocates into the nucleus and stimulates the expression of genes involved in a wide variety of biological functions. Inappropriate activation of NFKB has been associated with a number of inflammatory diseases while persistent inhibition of NFKB leads to inappropriate immune cell development or delayed cell growth. NFKB is a critical regulator of the immediate-early response to viral infection. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms, at least one of which is proteolytically processed. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2020]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Likely_pathogenic. Variant got 6 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP3: Splicing scoreres supports a deletorius effect: Scorers claiming Pathogenic: dbscSNV1_ADA, dbscSNV1_RF, max_spliceai. No scorers claiming Uncertain. No scorers claiming Benign.
• PP5: Variant 4-102579043-A-G is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr4-102579043-A-G is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 210056.Status of the report is criteria_provided_single_submitter, 1 stars. Variant chr4-102579043-A-G is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
NFKB1	NM_003998.4	c.730+4A>G		splice_donor_region_variant, intron_variant		ENST00000226574.9	NP_003989.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
NFKB1	ENST00000226574.9	c.730+4A>G		splice_donor_region_variant, intron_variant		1	NM_003998.4	ENSP00000226574	P4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 30

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:2

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

Immunodeficiency, common variable, 12 Pathogenic:2

Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute	Feb 02, 2022	Based on the classification scheme VCGS_Germline_v1.3.4, this variant is classified as Likely pathogenic. Following criteria are met: 0102 - Loss of function is a known mechanism of disease in this gene and is associated with common variable immunodeficiency 12 (MIM# 616576). (I) 0107 - This gene is associated with autosomal dominant disease. (I) 0112 - The condition associated with this gene has incomplete penetrance. Penetrance is estimated to be 60%, with some carriers appearing asymptomatic (PMID: 29477724). (I) 0115 - Variants in this gene are known to have variable expressivity (OMIM). 0210 - Splice site variant proven to affect splicing of the transcript with a known effect on protein sequence. This variant has been shown to result in an in-frame deletion of exon 8 (p.(Asp191_Lys244delinsGlu)). Both EBV cell lines transformed with patient lymphocytes and HEK293T cells transfected with the mutant construct demonstrated weak expression of the precursor mutant protein (p105delEx8) and none of the processed p50delEx8, suggesting that the mutant protein is degraded and resulting in p50 haploinsufficiency (PMID: 26279205). (SP) 0251 - This variant is heterozygous. (I) 0301 - Variant is absent from gnomAD (both v2 and v3). (SP) 0505 - Abnormal splicing is predicted by in silico tools and affected nucleotide is highly conserved. (SP) 0705 - No comparable non-canonical splice variants have previous evidence for pathogenicity. (I) 0803 - This variant has limited previous evidence of pathogenicity in an unrelated individual. It has been reported as pathogenic in LOVD with no supporting information. In addition, this variant has been shown to segregate in at least ten affected individuals within the family of this proband; however five individuals presenting with hypogammaglobulinaemia did not have this variant (PMID: 26279205). Lastly, a substitution on the adjacent nucleotide, c.730+5G>A, resulting in the same protein consequence as our variant, c.730+4A>G, has recently been reported in one individual with pyoderma gangrenosum (PMID: 34447408). (SP) 1208 - Inheritance information for this variant is not currently available in this individual. (I) Legend: (SP) - Supporting pathogenic, (I) - Information, (SB) - Supporting benign -
Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided	literature only	OMIM	Sep 03, 2015	- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.31
CADD	Benign	22
DANN	Benign	0.96

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
dbscSNV1_ADA	Pathogenic	1.0
dbscSNV1_RF	Pathogenic	0.94
SpliceAI score (max)		0.58		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2
DS_DG_spliceai		0.25		Position offset: -29
DS_DL_spliceai		0.58		Position offset: -4

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs869320688; hg19: chr4-103500200;