chr4-56910690-A-G

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. The variant received -2 ACMG points: 2P and 4B. PM2BP4_Strong

The NM_005612.5(REST):c.52A>G(p.Ser18Gly) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000186 in 1,613,958 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 16/22 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. S18N) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.0000066 ( 0 hom., cov: 33)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000014 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

REST
NM_005612.5 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1

Conservation

PhyloP100: 0.207

Publications

0 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

REST (HGNC:9966): (RE1 silencing transcription factor) This gene was initially identified as a transcriptional repressor that represses neuronal genes in non-neuronal tissues. However, depending on the cellular context, this gene can act as either an oncogene or a tumor suppressor. The encoded protein is a member of the Kruppel-type zinc finger transcription factor family. It represses transcription by binding a DNA sequence element called the neuron-restrictive silencer element. The protein is also found in undifferentiated neuronal progenitor cells and it is thought that this repressor may act as a master negative regulator of neurogenesis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described. [provided by RefSeq, May 2018]

REST Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

fibromatosis, gingival, 5
Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG, MODERATE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
Wilms tumor 6
Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG, MODERATE, LIMITED Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
hereditary gingival fibromatosis
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 27
Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: Ambry Genetics

REST links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Likely_benign. The variant received -2 ACMG points.

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.028747946).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
REST	NM_005612.5 link	c.52A>G	p.Ser18Gly	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 4	ENST00000309042.12	NP_005603.3	Q13127-1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
REST	ENST00000309042.12 link	c.52A>G	p.Ser18Gly	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 4	1	NM_005612.5	ENSP00000311816.7		Q13127-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.00000657

AC:

AN:

152226

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.0000655

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.00000398

AC:

AN:

251358

AF XY:

0.00

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.0000289

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00000137

AC:

AN:

1461732

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00000138

AC XY:

AN XY:

727128

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

33476

American (AMR)

AF:

0.0000224

AC:

AN:

44716

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26134

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39694

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

86254

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53406

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

8.99e-7

AC:

AN:

1111896

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

60388

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.475

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.00000657

AC:

AN:

152226

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00

AC XY:

AN XY:

74378

show subpopulations

⚠️ The allele balance in gnomAD version 4 Genomes is significantly skewed from the expected value of 0.5.

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

41464

American (AMR)

AF:

0.0000655

AC:

AN:

15274

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3470

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5202

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4836

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10620

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

316

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

68040

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2092

⚠️ The allele balance in gnomAD version 4 Genomes is significantly skewed from the expected value of 0.5. (p-value = 0.000000), which strongly suggests a high chance of mosaicism in these individuals.

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.325

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Alfa

AF:

0.00

Hom.:

ExAC

AF:

0.00000824

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not provided

Uncertain:1

Apr 06, 2023

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function output the following: SIFT: "Not Available"; PolyPhen-2: "Benign"; Align-GVGD: "Not Available". The glycine amino acid residue is found in multiple mammalian species, which suggests that this missense change does not adversely affect protein function. This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with REST-related conditions. This variant is present in population databases (rs755279791, gnomAD 0.003%). This sequence change replaces serine, which is neutral and polar, with glycine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 18 of the REST protein (p.Ser18Gly). -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.059

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.41

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.74

CADD

Benign

0.091

(source)

DANN

Benign

0.54

DEOGEN2

Benign

0.0041

.;.;.;T;T;T;T;T;.

Eigen

Benign

-1.8

Eigen_PC

Benign

-1.7

FATHMM_MKL

Benign

0.0052

LIST_S2

Benign

0.78

T;T;T;T;T;.;T;T;.

M_CAP

Benign

0.0056

MetaRNN

Benign

0.029

T;T;T;T;T;T;T;T;T

MetaSVM

Benign

-0.92

MutationAssessor

Benign

-0.55

.;.;.;.;.;N;.;N;.

PhyloP100

0.21

PrimateAI

Benign

0.29

PROVEAN

Benign

0.43

.;.;.;.;.;N;.;.;.

REVEL

Benign

0.050

Sift

Benign

1.0

.;.;.;.;.;T;.;.;.

Sift4G

Benign

0.92

.;T;T;.;.;T;T;T;T

Polyphen

0.0020

.;.;.;.;.;B;.;B;.

Vest4

0.14, 0.10, 0.15, 0.13, 0.15, 0.11

MutPred

0.31

Loss of stability (P = 0.0716);Loss of stability (P = 0.0716);Loss of stability (P = 0.0716);Loss of stability (P = 0.0716);Loss of stability (P = 0.0716);Loss of stability (P = 0.0716);Loss of stability (P = 0.0716);Loss of stability (P = 0.0716);Loss of stability (P = 0.0716);

MVP

0.25

MPC

0.24

ClinPred

0.025

GERP RS

-6.3

Varity_R

0.034

gMVP

0.61

Mutation Taster

=90/10

polymorphism

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

You must be logged in to view publications. This limit was set because tens of millions (!) of queries from AI bots are generated daily.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over