chr5-112838968-T-C

Variant names:

• chr5-112838968-T-C
• rs377278397
• NM_000038.6:c.3374T>C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Benign. The variant received -9 ACMG points: 0P and 9B. BP4_Strong BP6 BS1

The NM_000038.6(APC):​c.3374T>C​(p.Val1125Ala) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000131 in 1,613,984 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. V1125L) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: 𝑓 0.00018 (0 hom., cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.00013 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: APC NM_000038.6 missense
• Clinical Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications U:1 B:15
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 4.74
• Publications: 25 publications found

Genes affected

APC (HGNC:583): (APC regulator of WNT signaling pathway) This gene encodes a tumor suppressor protein that acts as an antagonist of the Wnt signaling pathway. It is also involved in other processes including cell migration and adhesion, transcriptional activation, and apoptosis. Defects in this gene cause familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), an autosomal dominant pre-malignant disease that usually progresses to malignancy. Mutations in the APC gene have been found to occur in most colorectal cancers, where disease-associated mutations tend to be clustered in a small region designated the mutation cluster region (MCR) and result in a truncated protein product. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2022]

APC Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• classic or attenuated familial adenomatous polyposis

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• desmoid tumor

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: G2P, Genomics England PanelApp
• familial adenomatous polyposis 1

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, MODERATE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Ambry Genetics
• gastric adenocarcinoma and proximal polyposis of the stomach

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), ClinGen, Orphanet
• sarcoma

  Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
• APC-related attenuated familial adenomatous polyposis

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• Turcot syndrome with polyposis

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• Cenani-Lenz syndactyly syndrome

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

ENSG00000258864 (HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Benign. The variant received -9 ACMG points.

• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.00506413).
• BP6: Variant 5-112838968-T-C is Benign according to our data. Variant chr5-112838968-T-C is described in ClinVar as Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity. ClinVar VariationId is 132749.
• BS1: Variant frequency is greater than expected in population eas. GnomAd4 allele frequency = 0.000177 (27/152132) while in subpopulation EAS AF = 0.00501 (26/5188). AF 95% confidence interval is 0.00351. There are 0 homozygotes in GnomAd4. There are 16 alleles in the male GnomAd4 subpopulation. Median coverage is 32. This position passed quality control check.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_000038.6. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	APC	NM_000038.6	MANE Select	c.3374T>C	p.Val1125Ala	missense	Exon 16 of 16	NP_000029.2
	APC	NM_001407446.1		c.3458T>C	p.Val1153Ala	missense	Exon 16 of 16	NP_001394375.1
	APC	NM_001354896.2		c.3428T>C	p.Val1143Ala	missense	Exon 17 of 17	NP_001341825.1

Ensembl Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	APC	ENST00000257430.9	TSL:5 MANE Select	c.3374T>C	p.Val1125Ala	missense	Exon 16 of 16	ENSP00000257430.4
	APC	ENST00000508376.6	TSL:1	c.3374T>C	p.Val1125Ala	missense	Exon 17 of 17	ENSP00000427089.2
	APC	ENST00000502371.3	TSL:1	n.*1572T>C		non_coding_transcript_exon	Exon 12 of 12	ENSP00000484935.2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes AF: 0.000177 AC: 27 AN: 152132 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32

Gnomad AFR AF: 0.0000241

Gnomad AMI AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS AF: 0.00501

Gnomad SAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN AF: 0.00

Gnomad MID AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH AF: 0.00

GnomAD2 exomes AF: 0.000607 AC: 152 AN: 250618 AF XY: 0.000679

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00806

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.000655

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.000126 AC: 184 AN: 1461852 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 33 AF XY: 0.000135 AC XY: 98 AN XY: 727224

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33480

American (AMR) AF: 0.0000447 AC: 2 AN: 44722

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26134

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00363 AC: 144 AN: 39690

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 86258

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 53404

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 8.99e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1112002

Other (OTH) AF: 0.000613 AC: 37 AN: 60394

GnomAD4 genome AF: 0.000177 AC: 27 AN: 152132 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.000215 AC XY: 16 AN XY: 74316

African (AFR) AF: 0.0000241 AC: 1 AN: 41428

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 15276

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 3468

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00501 AC: 26 AN: 5188

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 4828

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 10608

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 316

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 68018

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 2090

Alfa AF: 0.0000982 Hom.: 0

Bravo AF: 0.000242

ExAC AF: 0.000568 AC: 69

Asia WGS AF: 0.00115 AC: 4 AN: 3478

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1 Benign:15

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

Submissions by phenotype

not specified Benign:4

Oct 27, 2017

GeneDx

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant is considered likely benign or benign based on one or more of the following criteria: it is a conservative change, it occurs at a poorly conserved position in the protein, it is predicted to be benign by multiple in silico algorithms, and/or has population frequency not consistent with disease.

Oct 23, 2018

ARUP Laboratories, Molecular Genetics and Genomics, ARUP Laboratories

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Feb 08, 2021

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Variant summary: APC c.3374T>C (p.Val1125Ala) results in a non-conservative amino acid change in the encoded protein sequence. Three of five in-silico tools predict a benign effect of the variant on protein function. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00061 in 251058 control chromosomes, predominantly at a frequency of 0.0081 within the East Asian subpopulation in the gnomAD database, including 1 homozygotes. The observed variant frequency within East Asian control individuals in the gnomAD database is approximately 113 fold of the estimated maximal expected allele frequency for a pathogenic variant in APC causing Familial Adenomatous Polyposis phenotype (7.1e-05), strongly suggesting that the variant is a benign polymorphism found primarily in populations of East Asian origin. c.3374T>C, has been reported in the literature in individuals affected with Familial Adenomatous Polyposis and other gastrointestinal polyposes/cancers, however without strong evidence for pathogenicity (example, Chang_2016, Kohda_2016, Li_2015, Grant_2015, Azzopard_2008, Tung_2016). In a Chinese family, this variant seemed to segregate with the disease in five affected members with FAP syndrome, however it cannot be ruled out that other undetected pathogenic variants could have actually explained the phenotype (Li_2015). Therefore these reports do not provide unequivocal conclusions about association of the variant with Familial Adenomatous Polyposis. To our knowledge, no experimental evidence demonstrating an impact on protein function has been reported. Ten clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar after 2014 without evidence for independent evaluation (likely benign/benign, n=9; VUS, n=1). Based on the evidence outlined above reflecting the consensus among peers the variant was classified as benign.

Mar 04, 2025

Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Familial adenomatous polyposis 1 Benign:4

Feb 04, 2025

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Feb 22, 2023

Myriad Genetics, Inc.

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant is considered likely benign. This variant has been observed at a population frequency that is significantly greater than expected given the associated disease prevalence and penetrance.

May 28, 2019

Mendelics

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Mar 12, 2018

Counsyl

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

This submission and the accompanying classification are no longer maintained by the submitter. For more information on current observations and classification, please contact variantquestions@myriad.com.

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Benign:4

Jan 30, 2025

Institute for Biomarker Research, Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, L.L.C.

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The missense variant NM_000038.6(APC):c.3374T>C (p.Val1125Ala) has not been reported previously as a pathogenic variant , to our knowledge. The p.Val1125Ala variant is observed in 148/18,364 (0.8059%) alleles from individuals of gnomAD East Asian background in gnomAD, which is greater than expected for the disorder. There is a small physicochemical difference between valine and alanine, which is not likely to impact secondary protein structure as these residues share similar properties. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Likely Benign

Nov 06, 2018

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This alteration is classified as likely benign based on a combination of the following: seen in unaffected individuals, population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity.

Aug 14, 2020

Sema4, Sema4

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: curation

Aug 26, 2016

Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Neoplasm of the liver Uncertain:1

Jan 12, 2017

3DMed Clinical Laboratory Inc

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Carcinoma of colon Benign:1

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

The APC p.Val1125Ala variant was identified in 5 of 2666 proband chromosomes (frequency: 0.002) from individuals or families with colon and breast cancer (Chen 2006, Azzopardi 2008, Tung 2016). The variant was also identified in dbSNP (ID: rs377278397) as “With Uncertain significance allele”, ClinVar (as uncertain significance by GeneDx, likely benign by Ambry Genetics and Illumina, and benign by Invitae), Clinvitae (4x), and Zhejiang Colon Cancer Database. The variant was not identified in Cosmic, MutDB, LOVD 3.0, and UMD-LSDB databases. The variant was identified in control databases in 167 of 276336 chromosomes at a frequency of 0.0006 in the following populations: African in 1 of 23940 chromosomes (freq. 0.00004), East Asian in 160 (1 homozygous) of 18838 chromosomes (freq. 0.008), Other in 4 of 6452 chromosomes (freq. 0.0006), South Asian in 1 of 30754 chromosomes (freq. 0.00003), and Latino in 1 of 34390 chromosomes (freq. 0.00003), increasing the likelihood that this may be a low frequency benign variant in certain populations of origin (Genome Aggregation Consortium Feb 27, 2017). The p.Val1125Ala residue is conserved in in mammals but not in more distantly related organisms, with the variant amino acid Alanine (Ala) present in the African clawed frog, however computational analyses (PolyPhen-2, SIFT, AlignGVGD, BLOSUM, MutationTaster) do not suggest a high likelihood of impact to the protein; this information is not predictive enough to rule out pathogenicity. The variant occurs outside of the splicing consensus sequence and in silico or computational prediction software programs (SpliceSiteFinder, MaxEntScan, NNSPLICE, GeneSplicer, HumanSpliceFinder) do not predict a difference in splicing. In summary, based on the above information the clinical significance of this variant cannot be determined with certainty at this time although we would lean towards a more benign role for this variant. This variant is classified as likely benign.

APC-Associated Polyposis Disorders Benign:1

May 03, 2019

Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant was observed as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. A literature search was performed for the gene, cDNA change, and amino acid change (where applicable). Publications were found based on this search. The evidence from the literature, in combination with allele frequency data from public databases where available, was sufficient to determine this variant is unlikely to cause disease. Therefore, this variant is classified as likely benign.

not provided Benign:1

Aug 20, 2019

Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.13
BayesDel_addAF	Uncertain	0.065	T
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.33
CADD	Benign	20
DANN	Benign	0.95
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.37	T
Eigen	Benign	-0.18
Eigen_PC	Benign	0.073
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.88	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.89	D
M_CAP	Benign	0.018	T
MetaRNN	Benign	0.0051	T
MetaSVM	Uncertain	-0.16	T
MutationAssessor	Benign	0.46	N
PhyloP100		4.7
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.61	T
PROVEAN	Benign	0.34	N
REVEL	Uncertain	0.46
Sift	Benign	0.19	T
Sift4G	Benign	0.83	T
Polyphen		0.0010	B
Vest4		0.87
MutPred		0.64		Loss of stability (P = 0.0328)
MVP		1.0
ClinPred		0.024	T
GERP RS		5.8
Varity_R		0.031
gMVP		0.47
Mutation Taster		=68/32	polymorphism

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs377278397; hg19: chr5-112174665; COSMIC: COSV57340743;