chr7-150974720-G-C

Variant names:

• chr7-150974720-G-C
• rs121912515
• NM_000238.4:c.298C>G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 12 ACMG points: 12P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PM5 PP2 PP3_Strong PP5

The NM_000238.4(KCNH2):​c.298C>G​(p.Arg100Gly) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R100Q) has been classified as Likely pathogenic.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
• Consequence: KCNH2 NM_000238.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications P:3 U:1 O:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 0.738
• Publications: 9 publications found

Genes affected

KCNH2 (HGNC:6251): (potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2) This gene encodes a component of a voltage-activated potassium channel found in cardiac muscle, nerve cells, and microglia. Four copies of this protein interact with one copy of the KCNE2 protein to form a functional potassium channel. Mutations in this gene can cause long QT syndrome type 2 (LQT2). Transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, May 2022]

KCNH2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• long QT syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• long QT syndrome 2

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Ambry Genetics, G2P
• short QT syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet, ClinGen
• short QT syndrome type 1

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, MODERATE Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), G2P, Ambry Genetics
• Brugada syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE, NO_KNOWN Submitted by: ClinGen, Genomics England PanelApp

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 12 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 7 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 1 benign, 27 uncertain in NM_000238.4
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr7-150974719-C-T is described in ClinVar as Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity. ClinVar VariationId is 67460.
• PP2: Missense variant in the gene, where a lot of missense mutations are associated with disease in ClinVar. The gene has 158 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 38 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: 3.3724 (above the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: 2.4846 (below the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to long QT syndrome 2, Brugada syndrome, short QT syndrome type 1, short QT syndrome, long QT syndrome.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.989
• PP5: Variant 7-150974720-G-C is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr7-150974720-G-C is described in ClinVar as Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity. ClinVar VariationId is 14442.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
KCNH2	NM_000238.4	c.298C>G	p.Arg100Gly	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 15	ENST00000262186.10	NP_000229.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
KCNH2	ENST00000262186.10	c.298C>G	p.Arg100Gly	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 15	1	NM_000238.4	ENSP00000262186.5

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 34

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:3 Uncertain:1 Other:1

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

Submissions by phenotype

Short QT syndrome type 1 Pathogenic:1

May 04, 2022

Mendelics

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Long QT syndrome 2/3, digenic Pathogenic:1

Sep 01, 2006

OMIM

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: literature only

- -

not provided Pathogenic:1

Apr 25, 2012

GeneDx

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

p.Arg100Gly (CGG>GGG): c.298 C>G in exon 2 of the KCNH2 gene (NM_000238.2). The Arg100Gly mutation in the KCNH2 gene has been reported in association with LQTS. Millat G et al. described a 41 year-old patient with a prolonged QT interval and history of torsade de pointes leading to ventricular fibrillation during exercise who harbored the Arg100Gly mutation in the KCNH2 gene as well as the Asp1819Asn mutation in the SCN5A gene. The authors reported both mutations were absent from 200 control chromosomes. Additionally, other mutations at the same codon (Arg100Gln, Arg100Trp) and nearby codons (Tyr99Ser, Lys101Glu, Asp102Ala, Asp102Val) have been reported in association with LQTS, supporting the functional importance of this region of the protein. Furthermore, the NHLBI ESP Exome Variant Server reports Arg100Gly was not observed in approximately 5,000 samples from individuals of European and African American backgrounds, indicating is not a common variant in these populations.Therefore, Arg100Gly in the KCNH2 gene is interpreted as a disease-causing mutation. The variant is found in LQT panel(s). -

Cardiovascular phenotype Uncertain:1

Nov 28, 2017

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The c.298C>G (p.R100G) alteration is located in exon 2 (coding exon 2) of the KCNH2 gene. This alteration results from a C to G substitution at nucleotide position 298, causing the arginine (R) at amino acid position 100 to be replaced by a glycine (G). Based on insufficient or conflicting evidence, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Congenital long QT syndrome Other:1

-

Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust

Significance: not provided

Review Status: no classification provided

Collection Method: literature only

This variant has been reported as associated with Long QT syndrome in the following publications (PMID:16922724). This is a literature report, and does not necessarily reflect the clinical interpretation of the Imperial College / Royal Brompton Cardiovascular Genetics laboratory. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Uncertain	0.55
CardioboostArm	Pathogenic	1.0
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.50	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.49
CADD	Pathogenic	29
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.92	D;D
Eigen	Uncertain	0.40
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.33
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.92	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.95	D;D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.96	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.99	D;D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	1.0	D
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	3.6	H;.
PhyloP100		0.74
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.75	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-3.4	D;.
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.89
Sift	Uncertain	0.011	D;.
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.021	D;D
Polyphen		0.87	P;.
Vest4		0.75
MutPred		0.92		Loss of stability (P = 0.0619);.;
MVP		1.0
MPC		2.4
ClinPred		0.99	D
GERP RS		4.4
Varity_R		0.87
gMVP		0.97
Mutation Taster		=8/92	disease causing (ClinVar)

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs121912515; hg19: chr7-150671808;