chr7-94663428-A-G

Position:

• chr7-94663428-A-G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. Variant got -6 ACMG points: 0P and 6B. BP4_Moderate BS2

The NM_001172437.2(PEG10):​c.100A>G​(p.Arg34Gly) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000019 in 1,371,394 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 7/11 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.000019 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: PEG10 NM_001172437.2 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 3.40

Genes affected

PEG10 (HGNC:14005): (paternally expressed 10) This is a paternally expressed imprinted gene that is thought to have been derived from the Ty3/Gypsy family of retrotransposons. It contains two overlapping open reading frames, RF1 and RF2, and expresses two proteins: a shorter, gag-like protein (with a CCHC-type zinc finger domain) from RF1; and a longer, gag/pol-like fusion protein (with an additional aspartic protease motif) from RF1/RF2 by -1 translational frameshifting (-1 FS). While -1 FS has been observed in RNA viruses and transposons in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, this gene represents the first example of -1 FS in a eukaryotic cellular gene. This gene is highly conserved across mammalian species and retains the heptanucleotide (GGGAAAC) and pseudoknot elements required for -1 FS. It is expressed in adult and embryonic tissues (most notably in placenta) and reported to have a role in cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Overexpression of this gene has been associated with several malignancies, such as hepatocellular carcinoma and B-cell lymphocytic leukemia. Knockout mice lacking this gene showed early embryonic lethality with placental defects, indicating the importance of this gene in embryonic development. Additional isoforms resulting from alternatively spliced transcript variants, and use of upstream non-AUG (CUG) start codon have been reported for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2014]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Likely_benign. Variant got -6 ACMG points.

• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.18176797).
• BS2: High AC in GnomAdExome4 at 26 AD gene.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PEG10	NM_001172437.2	c.100A>G	p.Arg34Gly	missense_variant	2/2		NP_001165908.1
PEG10	NM_001172438.3	c.100A>G	p.Arg34Gly	missense_variant	2/2		NP_001165909.1
PEG10	NM_001184961.1	c.-27A>G		5_prime_UTR_variant	2/2		NP_001171890.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PEG10	ENST00000612748.1	c.100A>G	p.Arg34Gly	missense_variant	2/3	5		ENSP00000480676.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.0000190 AC: 26 AN: 1371394 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.0000164 AC XY: 11 AN XY: 672702

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.0000244

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

Bravo AF: 0.0000151

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

not specified Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Ambry Genetics

Sep 03, 2024

The c.100A>G (p.R34G) alteration is located in exon 2 (coding exon 2) of the PEG10 gene. This alteration results from a A to G substitution at nucleotide position 100, causing the arginine (R) at amino acid position 34 to be replaced by a glycine (G). Based on insufficient or conflicting evidence, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.19	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.51
CADD	Uncertain	25
DANN	Benign	0.87
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.024	T;.
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.78	D
LIST_S2	Benign	0.57	T;T
MetaRNN	Benign	0.18	T;T
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.64	T
Sift4G	Pathogenic	0.0	D;D
Polyphen		0.018	B;.
Vest4		0.26
MVP		0.29
GERP RS		3.4
gMVP		0.30

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1193484540; hg19: chr7-94292740;