chr9-137163606-G-C

Variant names:

• chr9-137163606-G-C
• rs781053477
• NM_007327.4:c.2381G>C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. The variant received 8 ACMG points: 8P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PM5 PP5_Moderate

The NM_007327.4(GRIN1):​c.2381G>C​(p.Arg794Pro) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R794L) has been classified as Likely pathogenic.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
• Consequence: GRIN1 NM_007327.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Likely pathogenic criteria provided, single submitter P:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.33
• Publications: 0 publications found

Genes affected

GRIN1 (HGNC:4584): (glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 1) The protein encoded by this gene is a critical subunit of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, members of the glutamate receptor channel superfamily which are heteromeric protein complexes with multiple subunits arranged to form a ligand-gated ion channel. These subunits play a key role in the plasticity of synapses, which is believed to underlie memory and learning. Cell-specific factors are thought to control expression of different isoforms, possibly contributing to the functional diversity of the subunits. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

GRIN1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• neurodevelopmental disorder with or without hyperkinetic movements and seizures, autosomal dominant

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, MODERATE Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), G2P, Ambry Genetics
• complex neurodevelopmental disorder

  Inheritance: AR, AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• neurodevelopmental disorder with or without hyperkinetic movements and seizures, autosomal recessive

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, MODERATE Submitted by: G2P, Ambry Genetics
• developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 101

  Inheritance: AR Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• autosomal dominant non-syndromic intellectual disability

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Likely_pathogenic. The variant received 8 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 2 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 3 uncertain in NM_007327.4
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr9-137163606-G-T is described in ClinVar as Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity. ClinVar VariationId is 3775570.
• PP5: Variant 9-137163606-G-C is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr9-137163606-G-C is described in ClinVar as Likely_pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 2023315.Status of the report is criteria_provided_single_submitter, 1 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
GRIN1	NM_007327.4	c.2381G>C	p.Arg794Pro	missense_variant	Exon 17 of 20	ENST00000371561.8	NP_015566.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
GRIN1	ENST00000371561.8	c.2381G>C	p.Arg794Pro	missense_variant	Exon 17 of 20	1	NM_007327.4	ENSP00000360616.3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ClinVar

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

Neurodevelopmental disorder with or without hyperkinetic movements and seizures, autosomal dominant Pathogenic:1

Aug 16, 2022

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant disrupts the p.Arg794 amino acid residue in GRIN1. Other variant(s) that disrupt this residue have been determined to be pathogenic (PMID: 29365063). This suggests that this residue is clinically significant, and that variants that disrupt this residue are likely to be disease-causing. Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt GRIN1 protein function. In summary, the currently available evidence indicates that the variant is pathogenic, but additional data are needed to prove that conclusively. Therefore, this variant has been classified as Likely Pathogenic. This sequence change replaces arginine, which is basic and polar, with proline, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 794 of the GRIN1 protein (p.Arg794Pro). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with GRIN1-related conditions. This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.99
BayesDel_addAF	Uncertain	0.12	D
BayesDel_noAF	Uncertain	-0.060
CADD	Pathogenic	33
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.74	D;.;.;T;.;.;.
Eigen	Uncertain	0.34
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.37
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.85	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.95	D;D;D;D;D;D;D
M_CAP	Benign	0.075	D
MetaRNN	Uncertain	0.50	D;D;D;D;D;D;D
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.80	T
MutationAssessor	Benign	1.1	L;L;.;.;.;L;.
PhyloP100		7.3
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.79	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-3.5	D;D;D;D;D;D;D
REVEL	Uncertain	0.30
Sift	Benign	0.28	T;T;T;T;T;T;T
Sift4G	Benign	0.28	T;T;T;T;T;T;T
Polyphen		1.0	D;D;.;.;.;D;.
Vest4		0.55
MutPred		0.56		Gain of methylation at K790 (P = 0.0391);Gain of methylation at K790 (P = 0.0391);.;.;.;Gain of methylation at K790 (P = 0.0391);.;
MVP		0.79
MPC		4.3
ClinPred		0.99	D
GERP RS		4.0
Varity_R		0.95
gMVP		0.99
Mutation Taster		=26/74	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs781053477; hg19: chr9-140058058;