chr9-21968239-A-T

Position:

• chr9-21968239-A-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. Variant got -3 ACMG points: 2P and 5B. PM1 BP4_Strong BS2_Supporting

The NM_000077.5(CDKN2A):​c.461T>A​(p.Ile154Asn) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000041 in 1,461,732 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 11/14 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000041 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: CDKN2A NM_000077.5 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:4
• Conservation: PhyloP100: -4.19

Genes affected

CDKN2A (HGNC:1787): (cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A) This gene generates several transcript variants which differ in their first exons. At least three alternatively spliced variants encoding distinct proteins have been reported, two of which encode structurally related isoforms known to function as inhibitors of CDK4 kinase. The remaining transcript includes an alternate first exon located 20 Kb upstream of the remainder of the gene; this transcript contains an alternate open reading frame (ARF) that specifies a protein which is structurally unrelated to the products of the other variants. This ARF product functions as a stabilizer of the tumor suppressor protein p53 as it can interact with, and sequester, the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase MDM2, a protein responsible for the degradation of p53. In spite of the structural and functional differences, the CDK inhibitor isoforms and the ARF product encoded by this gene, through the regulatory roles of CDK4 and p53 in cell cycle G1 progression, share a common functionality in cell cycle G1 control. This gene is frequently mutated or deleted in a wide variety of tumors, and is known to be an important tumor suppressor gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2012]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Likely_benign. Variant got -3 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a chain Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (size 155) in uniprot entity CDN2A_HUMAN there are 42 pathogenic changes around while only 12 benign (78%) in NM_000077.5
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.05951044).
• BS2: High AC in GnomAdExome4 at 6 AD gene. Variant has AC lower than other variant known as pathogenic in the gene, so the strength is limited to Supporting.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
CDKN2A	NM_000077.5	c.461T>A	p.Ile154Asn	missense_variant	3/3	ENST00000304494.10	NP_000068.1
CDKN2A	NM_058195.4	c.*105T>A		3_prime_UTR_variant	3/3	ENST00000579755.2	NP_478102.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
CDKN2A	ENST00000304494.10	c.461T>A	p.Ile154Asn	missense_variant	3/3	1	NM_000077.5	ENSP00000307101	P2
CDKN2A	ENST00000579755.2	c.*105T>A		3_prime_UTR_variant	3/3	1	NM_058195.4	ENSP00000462950

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000410 AC: 6 AN: 1461732 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 33 AF XY: 0.00000138 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 727172

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.000151

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:4

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Ambry Genetics	Jan 18, 2022	The p.I154N variant (also known as c.461T>A), located in coding exon 3 of the CDKN2A gene, results from a T to A substitution at nucleotide position 461. The isoleucine at codon 154 is replaced by asparagine, an amino acid with dissimilar properties. This amino acid position is poorly conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, the in silico prediction for this alteration is inconclusive. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health	Sep 30, 2018	- -

not specified Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Nov 19, 2020

Variant summary: CDKN2A c.461T>A (p.Ile154Asn) results in a non-conservative amino acid change in the encoded protein sequence. Three of five in-silico tools predict a benign effect of the variant on protein function. The variant was absent in 251192 control chromosomes (gnomAD). The available data on variant occurrences in the general population are insufficient to allow any conclusion about variant significance. c.461T>A has been reported in the literature in homozygous state in SCC4 cell line (Nichols _2012). This report however, does not provide unequivocal conclusions about association of the variant with Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma. To our knowledge, no experimental evidence demonstrating an impact on protein function has been reported. Two ClinVar submitters (evaluation after 2014) cite the variant as uncertain significance. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as uncertain significance. -

Familial melanoma Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Jul 19, 2019

This sequence change replaces isoleucine with asparagine at codon 154 of the CDKN2A (p16INK4a) protein (p.Ile154Asn). The isoleucine residue is weakly conserved and there is a large physicochemical difference between isoleucine and asparagine. This variant is not present in population databases (ExAC no frequency). In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function output the following: SIFT: "Tolerated"; PolyPhen-2: "Benign"; Align-GVGD: "Class C0". The asparagine amino acid residue is found in multiple mammalian species, suggesting that this missense change does not adversely affect protein function. These predictions have not been confirmed by published functional studies and their clinical significance is uncertain. This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals with CDKN2A (p16INK4a)-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 491579). -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.11
BayesDel_addAF	Uncertain	0.14	D
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.46
CADD	Benign	0.12
DANN	Benign	0.71
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.023	T
Eigen	Benign	-1.5
Eigen_PC	Benign	-1.6
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.041	N
LIST_S2	Benign	0.14	T
M_CAP	Benign	0.0092	T
MetaRNN	Benign	0.060	T
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	N;N;N;N;N;N;N;N;N
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.017	D
Vest4		0.062
MVP		0.82
ClinPred		0.061	T
GERP RS		-5.5

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1554653284; hg19: chr9-21968238; COSMIC: COSV105891490; COSMIC: COSV105891490;