chr9-21970998-G-GCTC

Position:

• chr9-21970998-G-GCTC

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 5 ACMG points: 5P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PM4_Supporting

The NM_000077.5(CDKN2A):​c.360_361insGAG​(p.Glu120dup) variant causes a inframe insertion change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★). Synonymous variant affecting the same amino acid position (i.e. E120E) has been classified as Likely benign.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: CDKN2A NM_000077.5 inframe_insertion
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: -0.185

Genes affected

CDKN2A (HGNC:1787): (cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A) This gene generates several transcript variants which differ in their first exons. At least three alternatively spliced variants encoding distinct proteins have been reported, two of which encode structurally related isoforms known to function as inhibitors of CDK4 kinase. The remaining transcript includes an alternate first exon located 20 Kb upstream of the remainder of the gene; this transcript contains an alternate open reading frame (ARF) that specifies a protein which is structurally unrelated to the products of the other variants. This ARF product functions as a stabilizer of the tumor suppressor protein p53 as it can interact with, and sequester, the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase MDM2, a protein responsible for the degradation of p53. In spite of the structural and functional differences, the CDK inhibitor isoforms and the ARF product encoded by this gene, through the regulatory roles of CDK4 and p53 in cell cycle G1 progression, share a common functionality in cell cycle G1 control. This gene is frequently mutated or deleted in a wide variety of tumors, and is known to be an important tumor suppressor gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2012]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 5 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 6 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 6 benign, 17 uncertain in NM_000077.5
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM4: Nonframeshift variant in NON repetitive region in NM_000077.5. Strenght limited to Supporting due to length of the change: 1aa.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
CDKN2A	NM_000077.5	c.360_361insGAG	p.Glu120dup	inframe_insertion	2/3	ENST00000304494.10
CDKN2A	NM_058195.4	c.*4_*5insGAG		3_prime_UTR_variant	2/3	ENST00000579755.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
CDKN2A	ENST00000304494.10	c.360_361insGAG	p.Glu120dup	inframe_insertion	2/3	1	NM_000077.5	P2
CDKN2A	ENST00000579755.2	c.*4_*5insGAG		3_prime_UTR_variant	2/3	1	NM_058195.4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 31

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

Familial melanoma Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Jul 22, 2017

In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. Experimental studies and prediction algorithms are not available for this variant, and the functional significance of the duplicated amino acid residue is currently unknown. This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals with CDKN2A (p16INK4a)-related disease. This variant is not present in population databases (ExAC no frequency). This variant, c.358_360dupGAG, results in the insertion of 1 amino acid residue to the CDKN2A (p16INK4a) protein (p.Glu120dup), but otherwise preserves the integrity of the reading frame. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Splicing

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1554653952; hg19: chr9-21970997;