chrX-111401109-G-A

Variant names:

• chrX-111401109-G-A
• rs587783568
• NM_001195553.2:c.586C>T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 17 ACMG points: 17P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PM5 PP2 PP3_Moderate PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_001195553.2(DCX):​c.586C>T​(p.Arg196Cys) variant causes a missense change. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R196S) has been classified as Likely pathogenic.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 22)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0 (0 hom. 0 hem.)
  • Failed GnomAD Quality Control
• Consequence: DCX NM_001195553.2 missense
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:5
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 5.63
• Publications: 4 publications found

Genes affected

DCX (HGNC:2714): (doublecortin) This gene encodes a member of the doublecortin family. The protein encoded by this gene is a cytoplasmic protein and contains two doublecortin domains, which bind microtubules. In the developing cortex, cortical neurons must migrate over long distances to reach the site of their final differentiation. The encoded protein appears to direct neuronal migration by regulating the organization and stability of microtubules. In addition, the encoded protein interacts with LIS1, the regulatory gamma subunit of platelet activating factor acetylhydrolase, and this interaction is important to proper microtubule function in the developing cortex. Mutations in this gene cause abnormal migration of neurons during development and disrupt the layering of the cortex, leading to epilepsy, cognitive disability, subcortical band heterotopia ("double cortex" syndrome) in females and lissencephaly ("smooth brain" syndrome) in males. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2010]

DCX Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• lissencephaly spectrum disorders

  Inheritance: XL Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• lissencephaly type 1 due to doublecortin gene mutation

  Inheritance: XL Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), G2P
• subcortical band heterotopia

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 17 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 9 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 7 uncertain in NM_001195553.2
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chrX-111401109-G-T is described in CliVar as Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity. Clinvar id is 158483.
• PP2: Missense variant in the gene, where a lot of missense mutations are associated with disease in ClinVar. The gene has 87 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 3 curated benign missense variants. Trascript score misZ: NaN (below the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to lissencephaly type 1 due to doublecortin gene mutation, lissencephaly spectrum disorders, subcortical band heterotopia.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.934
• PP5: Variant X-111401109-G-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chrX-111401109-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 158485.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chrX-111401109-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 158485.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chrX-111401109-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 158485.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chrX-111401109-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 158485.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chrX-111401109-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 158485.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chrX-111401109-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 158485.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chrX-111401109-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 158485.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chrX-111401109-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 158485.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chrX-111401109-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 158485.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chrX-111401109-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 158485.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chrX-111401109-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 158485.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chrX-111401109-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 158485.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chrX-111401109-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 158485.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chrX-111401109-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 158485.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chrX-111401109-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 158485.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chrX-111401109-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 158485.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chrX-111401109-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 158485.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chrX-111401109-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 158485.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chrX-111401109-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 158485.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chrX-111401109-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 158485.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chrX-111401109-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 158485.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chrX-111401109-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 158485.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chrX-111401109-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 158485.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chrX-111401109-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic. Clinvar id is 158485.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
DCX	NM_001195553.2	c.586C>T	p.Arg196Cys	missense_variant	Exon 3 of 7	ENST00000636035.2	NP_001182482.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
DCX	ENST00000636035.2	c.586C>T	p.Arg196Cys	missense_variant	Exon 3 of 7	2	NM_001195553.2	ENSP00000490614.1
DCX	ENST00000356220.8	c.586C>T	p.Arg196Cys	missense_variant	Exon 4 of 8	5		ENSP00000348553.4
DCX	ENST00000637453.1	c.586C>T	p.Arg196Cys	missense_variant	Exon 3 of 7	5		ENSP00000490357.1
DCX	ENST00000637570.1	c.586C>T	p.Arg196Cys	missense_variant	Exon 3 of 7	5		ENSP00000490878.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 22

GnomAD4 exome Data not reliable, filtered out with message: AC0 AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 1098037 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 363457

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26399

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 35196

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 19383

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 30161

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 54144

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 40520

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 4133

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 842013

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 46088

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 22

Alfa AF: 0.00 Hom.: 0

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:5

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Lissencephaly type 1 due to doublecortin gene mutation Pathogenic:2

Nov 28, 2024

Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Criteria applied: PM5_STR,PS4_MOD,PM2,PM1_SUP,PP3 -

Dec 17, 2019

Revvity Omics, Revvity

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

not provided Pathogenic:2

Jul 24, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces arginine, which is basic and polar, with cysteine, which is neutral and slightly polar, at codon 196 of the DCX protein (p.Arg196Cys). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This missense change has been observed in individuals with clinical features of X-linked lissencephaly and subcortical band heterotopia (PMID: 18685874). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 158485). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt DCX protein function with a positive predictive value of 80%. This variant disrupts the p.Arg196 amino acid residue in DCX. Other variant(s) that disrupt this residue have been determined to be pathogenic (PMID: 11468322, 18685874). This suggests that this residue is clinically significant, and that variants that disrupt this residue are likely to be disease-causing. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

Aug 07, 2025

GeneDx

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 23365099, 18685874) -

Ectopic tissue Pathogenic:1

Feb 08, 2013

Genetic Services Laboratory, University of Chicago

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	1.0
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.64	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.69
CADD	Pathogenic	29
DANN	Pathogenic	1.0
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.37	.;T;.;.;T;T;.;T;.
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.97	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.99	.;.;.;D;D;.;.;D;D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.92	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.93	D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	1.1	D
PhyloP100		5.6
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.94	D
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-6.4	.;.;.;D;.;D;D;.;.
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.93
Sift	Pathogenic	0.0	.;.;.;D;.;D;D;.;.
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.052	.;.;.;T;.;T;T;.;.
Vest4		0.92, 0.93, 0.94
MVP		1.0
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		4.7
Varity_R		0.95
gMVP		0.99
Mutation Taster		=0/100	disease causing (ClinVar)

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs587783568; hg19: chrX-110644337;