chrX-49075239-G-C

Position:

• chrX-49075239-G-C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 14 ACMG points: 14P and 0B. PVS1_Strong PM2 PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_001029896.2(WDR45):​c.870C>G​(p.Tyr290*) variant causes a stop gained change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★).

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 24)
• Consequence: WDR45 NM_001029896.2 stop_gained
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:3
• Conservation: PhyloP100: -0.137

Genes affected

WDR45 (HGNC:28912): (WD repeat domain 45) This gene encodes a member of the WD repeat protein family. WD repeats are minimally conserved regions of approximately 40 amino acids typically bracketed by gly-his and trp-asp (GH-WD), which may facilitate formation of heterotrimeric or multiprotein complexes. Members of this family are involved in a variety of cellular processes, including cell cycle progression, signal transduction, apoptosis, and gene regulation. This gene has a pseudogene at chromosome 4q31.3. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene, but the biological validity and full-length nature of some variants have not been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ENSG00000288053 (HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 14 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Loss of function variant, product does not undergo nonsense mediated mRNA decay. Variant is located in the 3'-most 50 bp of the penultimate exon, not predicted to undergo nonsense mediated mRNA decay. Fraction of 0.197 CDS is truncated, and there are 0 pathogenic variants in the truncated region.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant X-49075239-G-C is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chrX-49075239-G-C is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 545700.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
WDR45	NM_001029896.2	c.870C>G	p.Tyr290*	stop_gained	10/11	ENST00000376372.9	NP_001025067.1
WDR45	NM_007075.4	c.873C>G	p.Tyr291*	stop_gained	11/12		NP_009006.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
WDR45	ENST00000376372.9	c.870C>G	p.Tyr290*	stop_gained	10/11	1	NM_001029896.2	ENSP00000365551.3
ENSG00000288053	ENST00000376358.4	c.521+125C>G		intron_variant		2		ENSP00000365536.3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 24

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 24

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:3

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation 5 Pathogenic:2

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp	Mar 19, 2020	For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. Loss-of-function variants in WDR45 are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 23176820, 24368176, 24621584, 25744623, 26790960, 27030146, 27652284, 28554332). This variant has been observed in individual(s) with beta-propeller protein-associated neurodegeneration (PMID: 30612247). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 545700). This variant is not present in population databases (ExAC no frequency). This sequence change creates a premature translational stop signal (p.Tyr291*) in the WDR45 gene. It is expected to result in an absent or disrupted protein product. -
Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided	clinical testing	Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University	Jan 10, 2017	- -

not provided Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

GeneDx

May 14, 2018

The Y291X nonsense variant in the WDR45 gene is predicted to cause loss of normal protein function either through protein truncation or nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. The Y291X variant is not observed in large population cohorts (Lek et al., 2016). Although this pathogenic variant has notbeen reported previously to our knowledge, its presence is consistent with the diagnosis of NBIA in this individual. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.62	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.46
CADD	Pathogenic	36
DANN	Uncertain	0.99
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.45	N
Vest4		0.80
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		-0.25
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.7

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.64		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2
DS_AG_spliceai		0.64		Position offset: -1
DS_AL_spliceai		0.22		Position offset: 42

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs782557596; hg19: chrX-48932898;