rs104893776

Variant names:

• chr3-129532253-A-G
• rs104893776
• NM_000539.3:c.533A>G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PM5 PP3_Strong PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000539.3(RHO):​c.533A>G​(p.Tyr178Cys) variant causes a missense, splice region change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000684 in 1,461,770 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. 1/1 splice prediction tools predict no significant impact on normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. Y178N) has been classified as Likely pathogenic.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 6.8e-7 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: RHO NM_000539.3 missense, splice_region
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:8
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 9.32

Genes affected

RHO (HGNC:10012): (rhodopsin) The protein encoded by this gene is found in rod cells in the back of the eye and is essential for vision in low-light conditions. The encoded protein binds to 11-cis retinal and is activated when light hits the retinal molecule. Defects in this gene are a cause of congenital stationary night blindness. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a disulfide_bond (size 77) in uniprot entity OPSD_HUMAN there are 119 pathogenic changes around while only 0 benign (100%) in NM_000539.3
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chrnull-null-null-null is described in UniProt as null.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.991
• PP5: Variant 3-129532253-A-G is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr3-129532253-A-G is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 13025.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr3-129532253-A-G is described in Lovd as [Likely_pathogenic]. Variant chr3-129532253-A-G is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic]. Variant chr3-129532253-A-G is described in Lovd as [Likely_pathogenic]. Variant chr3-129532253-A-G is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
RHO	NM_000539.3	c.533A>G	p.Tyr178Cys	missense_variant, splice_region_variant	Exon 3 of 5	ENST00000296271.4	NP_000530.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
RHO	ENST00000296271.4	c.533A>G	p.Tyr178Cys	missense_variant, splice_region_variant	Exon 3 of 5	1	NM_000539.3	ENSP00000296271.3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome AF: 6.84e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1461770 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.00000138 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 727186

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 8.99e-7

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:8

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Retinitis pigmentosa 4 Pathogenic:3

Dec 01, 1991

OMIM

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: literature only

- -

Sep 01, 2020

Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester, Central Manchester University Hospitals

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Feb 05, 2025

SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Variant is located in a mutational hotspot where >50% of variants are pathogenic (PM1). Variant allele frequency is below 0.00001 in gnomAD exomes and not found in genomes (PM2). Other variant at this amino acid residue has been classified as pathogenic (PM5, p.Tyr178His). REVEL score is 0.89 (PP3_mod) -

not provided Pathogenic:3

Jan 19, 2023

GeneDx

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Not observed in large population cohorts (gnomAD); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 25221422, 24265693, 1783387, 22736939, 31047384, 35456422, 21094163, 21677794, 11139241, 22219383, 25408095, 1862076, 30977563, 29847639, 26155838) -

Sep 17, 2023

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. This variant disrupts the p.Tyr178 amino acid residue in RHO. Other variant(s) that disrupt this residue have been observed in individuals with RHO-related conditions (PMID: 7987331, 23591405), which suggests that this may be a clinically significant amino acid residue. Experimental studies have shown that this missense change affects RHO function (PMID: 1924344, 30240733). An algorithm developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (PolyPhen-2) suggests that this variant is likely to be disruptive. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 13025). This missense change has been observed in individuals with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (PMID: 1862076, 25221422, 25408095, 29847639, 30718709). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This sequence change replaces tyrosine, which is neutral and polar, with cysteine, which is neutral and slightly polar, at codon 178 of the RHO protein (p.Tyr178Cys). -

Jun 01, 2022

CeGaT Center for Human Genetics Tuebingen

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

RHO: PM1, PM2, PM5, PS4:Moderate, PP1, PP4 -

Retinal dystrophy Pathogenic:1

Jan 01, 2013

Institute of Human Genetics, Univ. Regensburg, Univ. Regensburg

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Retinitis pigmentosa Pathogenic:1

Apr 01, 2018

Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: research

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.99
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.42	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.37
CADD	Pathogenic	28
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.85	D
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.93
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.76
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.99	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.97	D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.41	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.99	D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	0.83	D
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	4.6	H
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.76	T
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-8.1	D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.89
Sift	Uncertain	0.0020	D
Sift4G	Pathogenic	0.0	D
Polyphen		1.0	D
Vest4		0.99
MutPred		0.91		Loss of glycosylation at S176 (P = 0.0859);
MVP		0.99
MPC		0.97
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		5.1
Varity_R		0.98
gMVP		0.92

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.020		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs104893776; hg19: chr3-129251096;