rs104893853

Positions:

• chr4-4862854-C-A
• chr4-4862854-C-G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. Variant got 7 ACMG points: 7P and 0B. PVS1_Strong PM2 PP5

The NM_002448.3(MSX1):​c.623C>A​(p.Ser208Ter) variant causes a stop gained change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000684 in 1,461,474 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (no stars).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 6.8e-7 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: MSX1 NM_002448.3 stop_gained
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic no assertion criteria provided P:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.77

Genes affected

MSX1 (HGNC:7391): (msh homeobox 1) This gene encodes a member of the muscle segment homeobox gene family. The encoded protein functions as a transcriptional repressor during embryogenesis through interactions with components of the core transcription complex and other homeoproteins. It may also have roles in limb-pattern formation, craniofacial development, particularly odontogenesis, and tumor growth inhibition. Mutations in this gene, which was once known as homeobox 7, have been associated with nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate 5, Witkop syndrome, Wolf-Hirschom syndrome, and autosomoal dominant hypodontia. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Likely_pathogenic. Variant got 7 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Loss of function variant, product does not undergo nonsense mediated mRNA decay. Variant is located in the 3'-most exon, not predicted to undergo nonsense mediated mRNA decay. There are 8 pathogenic variants in the truncated region.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant 4-4862854-C-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr4-4862854-C-A is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 14882.Status of the report is no_assertion_criteria_provided, 0 stars. Variant chr4-4862854-C-A is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
MSX1	NM_002448.3	c.623C>A	p.Ser208Ter	stop_gained	2/2	ENST00000382723.5	NP_002439.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
MSX1	ENST00000382723.5	c.623C>A	p.Ser208Ter	stop_gained	2/2	1	NM_002448.3	ENSP00000372170	P1
MSX1	ENST00000468421.1	n.335C>A		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	2/2	3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome AF: 6.84e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1461474 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 34 AF XY: 0.00000138 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 727072

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 8.99e-7

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:2

Revision: no assertion criteria provided

Submissions by phenotype

Hypoplastic enamel-onycholysis-hypohidrosis syndrome Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided

literature only

OMIM

Jul 01, 2001

- -

MSX1-related disorder Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided

clinical testing

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Nov 30, 2023

The MSX1 c.623C>A variant is predicted to result in premature protein termination (p.Ser208*). This variant has been reported in individuals with Witkop syndrome (reported as S202X in Jumlongras et al. 2001. PubMed ID: 11369996). This variant has not been reported in a large population database, indicating this variant is rare. Nonsense variants in MSX1 are expected to be pathogenic. This variant is interpreted as pathogenic. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.62	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.58
CADD	Pathogenic	45
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.89
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.76
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.98	D
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	A;A
Vest4		0.90
GERP RS		4.8

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs104893853; hg19: chr4-4864581;