rs104894043

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. The variant received 7 ACMG points: 7P and 0B. PM1PM5PP2PP3PP5

The NM_000193.4(SHH):c.676G>A(p.Ala226Thr) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000719 in 1,598,462 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. A226G) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000053 ( 0 hom., cov: 33)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000074 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

SHH
NM_000193.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications P:4U:1

Conservation

PhyloP100: 3.50

Publications

11 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

SHH (HGNC:10848): (sonic hedgehog signaling molecule) This gene encodes a protein that is instrumental in patterning the early embryo. It has been implicated as the key inductive signal in patterning of the ventral neural tube, the anterior-posterior limb axis, and the ventral somites. Of three human proteins showing sequence and functional similarity to the sonic hedgehog protein of Drosophila, this protein is the most similar. The protein is made as a precursor that is autocatalytically cleaved; the N-terminal portion is soluble and contains the signalling activity while the C-terminal portion is involved in precursor processing. More importantly, the C-terminal product covalently attaches a cholesterol moiety to the N-terminal product, restricting the N-terminal product to the cell surface and preventing it from freely diffusing throughout the developing embryo. Defects in this protein or in its signalling pathway are a cause of holoprosencephaly (HPE), a disorder in which the developing forebrain fails to correctly separate into right and left hemispheres. HPE is manifested by facial deformities. It is also thought that mutations in this gene or in its signalling pathway may be responsible for VACTERL syndrome, which is characterized by vertebral defects, anal atresia, tracheoesophageal fistula with esophageal atresia, radial and renal dysplasia, cardiac anomalies, and limb abnormalities. Additionally, mutations in a long range enhancer located approximately 1 megabase upstream of this gene disrupt limb patterning and can result in preaxial polydactyly. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

SHH Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

holoprosencephaly 3
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: G2P, Ambry Genetics, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
microphthalmia, isolated, with coloboma 5
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: G2P, PanelApp Australia
polydactyly of a triphalangeal thumb
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: G2P, Orphanet
solitary median maxillary central incisor syndrome
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, MODERATE Submitted by: G2P, Ambry Genetics
skeletal system disorder
Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
autosomal dominant preaxial polydactyly-upperback hypertrichosis syndrome
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
hypoplastic tibiae-postaxial polydactyly syndrome
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
microphthalmia, isolated, with coloboma
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
syndactyly type 4
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
triphalangeal thumb-polysyndactyly syndrome
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
holoprosencephaly
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

SHH links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Likely_pathogenic. The variant received 7 ACMG points.

PM1

In a hotspot region, there are 6 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 3 uncertain in NM_000193.4

PM5

Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr7-155803612-G-T is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 3775152.Status of the report is criteria_provided_single_submitter, 1 stars.

PP2

Missense variant in the gene, where a lot of missense mutations are associated with disease in ClinVar. The gene has 26 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 8 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: 2.9479 (below the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: 0.49525 (below the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to polydactyly of a triphalangeal thumb, microphthalmia, isolated, with coloboma 5, solitary median maxillary central incisor syndrome, holoprosencephaly 3, skeletal system disorder, hypoplastic tibiae-postaxial polydactyly syndrome, holoprosencephaly, syndactyly type 4, microphthalmia, isolated, with coloboma, autosomal dominant preaxial polydactyly-upperback hypertrichosis syndrome, triphalangeal thumb-polysyndactyly syndrome.

PP3

MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.816

PP5

Variant 7-155803613-C-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr7-155803613-C-T is described in ClinVar as [Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity]. Clinvar id is 8883.We mark this variant Likely_pathogenic, oryginal submission is: [Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
SHH	NM_000193.4 link	c.676G>A	p.Ala226Thr	missense_variant	Exon 3 of 3	ENST00000297261.7	NP_000184.1	Q15465

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	UniProt
SHH	ENST00000297261.7 link	c.676G>A	p.Ala226Thr	missense_variant	Exon 3 of 3	1	NM_000193.4	ENSP00000297261.2	Q15465
SHH	ENST00000430104.5 link	c.301+2683G>A		intron_variant	Intron 3 of 3	1		ENSP00000396621.1	C9JC48
SHH	ENST00000435425.1 link	n.301+2683G>A		intron_variant	Intron 3 of 4	1		ENSP00000413871.1	F8WEH4
SHH	ENST00000441114.5 link	n.301+2683G>A		intron_variant	Intron 3 of 4	1		ENSP00000410546.1	F8WB84

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000526

AC:

AN:

152200

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.000131

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000882

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.0000437

AC:

AN:

228672

AF XY:

0.0000394

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.0000880

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.0000664

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000740

AC:

107

AN:

1446262

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000708

AC XY:

AN XY:

719972

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

33456

American (AMR)

AF:

0.0000672

AC:

AN:

44612

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26076

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39670

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.0000116

AC:

AN:

86064

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

38950

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.000175

AC:

AN:

5706

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000900

AC:

100

AN:

1111528

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.0000332

AC:

AN:

60200

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.496

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000526

AC:

AN:

152200

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000538

AC XY:

AN XY:

74358

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

41460

American (AMR)

AF:

0.000131

AC:

AN:

15292

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3470

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5180

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4832

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10622

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

316

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000882

AC:

AN:

68028

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2088

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.494

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Alfa

AF:

0.0000961

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000529

ExAC

AF:

0.0000249

AC:

EpiCase

AF:

0.0000545

EpiControl

AF:

0.0000593

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:4Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Holoprosencephaly 3

Pathogenic:3

Jul 19, 2023

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Likely pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is not expected to disrupt SHH protein function. Experimental studies have shown that this missense change affects SHH function (PMID: 15292211, 22897141). In summary, the currently available evidence indicates that the variant is pathogenic, but additional data are needed to prove that conclusively. Therefore, this variant has been classified as Likely Pathogenic. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 8883). This sequence change replaces alanine, which is neutral and non-polar, with threonine, which is neutral and polar, at codon 226 of the SHH protein (p.Ala226Thr). This variant is present in population databases (rs104894043, gnomAD 0.009%). This missense change has been observed in individuals with midline defects (PMID: 9302262, 22897141, 29205322). -

Oct 01, 1997

OMIM

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:literature only

- -

Aug 29, 2013

GeneReviews

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:curation

- -

not provided

Pathogenic:1

Aug 01, 2019

CeGaT Center for Human Genetics Tuebingen

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Neurodevelopmental disorder with dysmorphic facies and distal limb anomalies

Uncertain:1

Jan 16, 2019

Laboratory of Human Genetics, Universidade de São Paulo

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:research

Maternal inheritance. Presence of the variant confirmed by sanger in one sister and absent in the other. SHH pathogenic variants have incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity. Further, the phenotype is not suggestive of variants in this gene. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.21

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.20

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.25

CADD

Uncertain

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

DEOGEN2

Pathogenic

0.97

Eigen

Uncertain

0.37

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.36

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.88

LIST_S2

Uncertain

0.92

M_CAP

Pathogenic

0.91

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.82

MetaSVM

Pathogenic

1.1

MutationAssessor

Uncertain

2.2

PhyloP100

3.5

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.75

PROVEAN

Benign

-2.1

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.80

Sift

Benign

0.062

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.041

Polyphen

0.89

Vest4

0.12

MutPred

0.91

Gain of phosphorylation at A226 (P = 0.0276);

MVP

0.98

ClinPred

0.27

GERP RS

4.2

Varity_R

0.45

gMVP

0.89

Mutation Taster

=22/78

disease causing (ClinVar)

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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rs104894043

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over