rs1060501266

chr9-21968347-T-C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. Variant got 7 ACMG points: 8P and 1B. PP5_Very_StrongBP4

The NM_000077.5(CDKN2A):c.458-105A>G variant causes a intron change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000111 in 1,525,560 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.0000066 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000012 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

CDKN2A
NM_000077.5 intron

Scores

Clinical Significance

Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:6O:1

Conservation

PhyloP100: -3.10

Variant links:

Genes affected

CDKN2A (HGNC:1787): (cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A) This gene generates several transcript variants which differ in their first exons. At least three alternatively spliced variants encoding distinct proteins have been reported, two of which encode structurally related isoforms known to function as inhibitors of CDK4 kinase. The remaining transcript includes an alternate first exon located 20 Kb upstream of the remainder of the gene; this transcript contains an alternate open reading frame (ARF) that specifies a protein which is structurally unrelated to the products of the other variants. This ARF product functions as a stabilizer of the tumor suppressor protein p53 as it can interact with, and sequester, the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase MDM2, a protein responsible for the degradation of p53. In spite of the structural and functional differences, the CDK inhibitor isoforms and the ARF product encoded by this gene, through the regulatory roles of CDK4 and p53 in cell cycle G1 progression, share a common functionality in cell cycle G1 control. This gene is frequently mutated or deleted in a wide variety of tumors, and is known to be an important tumor suppressor gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2012]

CDKN2A links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Likely_pathogenic. Variant got 7 ACMG points.

PP5

Variant 9-21968347-T-C is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr9-21968347-T-C is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 406715.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr9-21968347-T-C is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (BayesDel_noAF=-0.86).. Strength limited to SUPPORTING due to the PP5.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
CDKN2A	NM_000077.5 linkuse as main transcript	c.458-105A>G		intron_variant		ENST00000304494.10
CDKN2A	NM_058195.4 linkuse as main transcript	c.*102-105A>G		intron_variant		ENST00000579755.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
CDKN2A	ENST00000304494.10 linkuse as main transcript	c.458-105A>G		intron_variant		1	NM_000077.5	P2	P42771-1
CDKN2A	ENST00000579755.2 linkuse as main transcript	c.*102-105A>G		intron_variant		1	NM_058195.4		Q8N726-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.00000657

AC:

AN:

152164

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.0000654

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000117

AC:

AN:

1373396

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.0000117

AC XY:

AN XY:

684098

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.0000259

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.0000144

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.00000657

AC:

AN:

152164

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00

AC XY:

AN XY:

74326

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.0000654

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

Bravo

AF:

0.0000113

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:6Other:1

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Pathogenic:2

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Ambry Genetics	Sep 08, 2021	The c.458-105A>G intronic variant results from an A to G substitution 105 nucleotides upstream from coding exon 3 in the CDKN2A gene. This alteration has been reported in multiple melanoma families and was shown to segregate with disease, although there were unaffected carriers in these families (ages unknown) (Harland M et al. Hum Mol Genet. 2001 Nov;10:2679-86; Goldstein AM et al. Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 2005 Jun;43(2):128-36; Maubec E et al. J Am Acad Dermatol 2012 Dec;67(6):1257-64; Puig S et al. Genet Med. 2016 Jul;18(7):727-36). This alteration was confirmed to be a de novo alteration in an individual with eight cutaneous melanomas (Majore S et al. J Invest Dermatol. 2004 Feb;122(2):450-1). This alteration was shown to generate two alternate transcripts that retain all or part of intron 2 which encodes a stop codon. Although it was not empirically shown, if these transcripts escape nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, the authors predict that protein product is likely to be structurally and functionally similar to the wildtype protein as they will only differ by four C-terminal amino acids (Harland M et al. Hum Mol Genet. 2001 Nov;10:2679-86). Of note, this variant is also designated as "IVS2-105A>G" in published literature. This nucleotide position is well conserved in available vertebrate species. In silico splice site analysis predicts that this alteration will result in the creation or strengthening of a novel splice donor site. Based on the available evidence, this alteration is classified as a disease-causing mutation. -
Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health	May 23, 2022	The CDKN2A locus encodes two different gene products, p16INK4a and p14ARF (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7030/). This variant causes an A to G nucleotide substitution at the -105 position of intron 2 of the CDKN2A (p16INK4A) gene. This variant is also known as IVS2-105A>G in the literature. A non-quantitative RNA study has shown that this variant disrupts RNA splicing and causes aberrant retention of the entire, or almost all of, intron 2 sequence, resulting in the mutant transcripts that are much longer than the normal transcript (PMID: 11726555). This variant has been reported in over twenty individuals affected with familial cutaneous melanoma (PMID: 11726555, 15009729, 16905682, 22841127) and has been shown to segregate with disease in two families (PMID: 11726555). In addition, this variant has been observed to be de novo in an individual affected with multiple primary melanomas (PMID: 15009729). This variant has not been identified in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). Based on the available evidence, this variant is classified as Likely Pathogenic. -

Melanoma, cutaneous malignant, susceptibility to, 2

Pathogenic:1Other:1

risk factor, no assertion criteria provided	literature only	OMIM	Nov 01, 2001	- -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	MGZ Medical Genetics Center	Sep 01, 2021	- -

Melanoma and neural system tumor syndrome

Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Baylor Genetics

Jul 23, 2023

- -

not provided

Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

GeneDx

Oct 28, 2022

Non-canonical splice site variant demonstrated to result in aberrant splicing in a gene for which loss of function is a known mechanism of disease (Harland et al., 2001); Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 25685612, 16905682, 25780468, 26542317, 18612309, 22841127, 21614589, 21325014, 25023876, 11726555, 29215650, 23348723, 33322357, 15009729) -

Familial melanoma

Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Invitae

Jan 18, 2024

This sequence change falls in intron 2 of the CDKN2A (p16INK4a) gene. It does not directly change the encoded amino acid sequence of the CDKN2A (p16INK4a) protein. RNA analysis indicates that this variant induces altered splicing and likely disrupts the C-terminus of the protein. This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This variant has been observed in individual(s) with cutaneous melanoma (PMID: 11726555, 15009729, 16905682, 22841127). It has also been observed to segregate with disease in related individuals. This variant is also known as IVS2-105A>G. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 406715). Studies have shown that this variant results in inclusion of most or all of intron 2 in the CDKN2A (p16INK4a) mRNA and introduces a new termination codon (PMID: 11726555). However the mRNA is not expected to undergo nonsense-mediated decay. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.86

Cadd

Benign

0.12

Dann

Benign

0.58

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.97

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

DS_DG_spliceai

0.97

Position offset: 1

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over